Monday- Group test
Tuesday- group essay test
Wednesday- Ancient Greece
Notes
Democracy and Greece's Golden age
"Power to the people"
Key terms and people
- Direct democracy-People have power directly
- Classical art- the art of ancient Greece and Rome in which harmony, order, and proportion were emphasized
- tragedy- play dealing with tragic events; something bad happens to main character
- Comedy-a humorous play
- Peloponnesian war- ancient Greek war against Athens and Sparta
- Socrates- classical Greek philosopher that founded western philosophy
- Plato-a Greek philosopher: believed that society should be made of 3 groups, farmers, warriors, and ruling class
- Aristotle-student of Plato, philosopher; known for questioning the natural world: human belief, thought, and knowledge
Golden age of Athens
- 477- to 431 BC
- Came about after Greece defeated the Persians
- Drama, sculpture, poetry, philosophy, architecture and science flourished
- also known as the the "age of percules
- Pericles was the leader of Athens
- Lead Athens in Peloponnesian war
- Skillful politician
- inspiring speaker
- respected general
Pericles plan for Athens
Three goals for Athens
1. Strengthen Athenian democracy-
- increased # of paid government jobs which benefited people who were not wealthy. Instituted direct democracy- citizens rule directly and not through elected representatives
2 hold and strengthen the empire-
- Helped establish and eventually lead the delian league after Persian wars-
- prevent further attacks from Persians. Grew navy. started dominating city states-
- lead to conflicts between Athens and Sparta
3. Glorify Athens-
- used money from the delian league to buy gold, marble, and ivory to make Athens a beautiful city
- used money from delian league for to hire artists, architects and workers to build buildings and sculptures
- Phidias was hired to build the Parthenon
- Greek sculptors focused on beauty, not realism
- Classical art focused on simplicity and being well proportioned
Phidias's' Parthenon a master piece of architectural design and craftsmanship
- Goddess Athena statue inside Parthenon- made of gold and ivory
- Goddess of wisdom, and protector of Athens
Greek drama- tragedy and comedy
- A tragedy was a serious drama about common themes, such as love, hate war, or betrayal
- The hero usually was an important person and often gifted with extraordinary abilities
- a tragic flaw usually caused the hero's downfall, usually excessive pride
- Sophocles wrote Oedipus the king, a famous tragedy
Comedy
- A comedy contained scenes filled with humor
- Play wrights often made fun of politics and respected people and ideas of the the time
- Aristophanes was a famous writer of comedies
- The fact that Athenians could listen to criticism of themselves showed the freedom that existed in democratic Athens
The start of the greatest subject in recorded history
History
- Herodotus pioneered the accurate reporting of events
- Thucydides believed that certain types of events and political situations occur over time
- Studying those events and situations would aid in understanding the present
- the approaches Thucydides used in his work still guide historians today
The Peloponnesian War
- 431- 404 BC
- Fought between Athens and Sparta
- Came about as a result of Sparta not liking Athens growth of wealth and power in the ara
- Sparta was acting like a bully
- Sparta had a better army, but Athens had a better navy
- With the help of a plague that hit Athens, Sparta eventually won
Thursday- Ancient Greece continued
Friday- Will not meet. Homecoming Queen and king coronation
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