Macedonia - In Europe/Asia area
Very cold and rough terrain.
People lived in mountain villages instead of city-states
Greeks thought that Macedonians were barbaric.
After the Peloponnesian War, city-states were very weak. Macedonia took advantage of Greece because of this.
Phillip II was the King of Macedonia. He was 23 years old and was a very smart tactician. He trained peasants into warriors. He wanted to take over Greece and Persia. Used phalanxes with 16 x 16 men instead of 10 x 10. When the phalanx broke through the enemy front lines, Phillip would send in the cavalry to kill people.
Demosthenes warned Greece that Phillip was coming. He warned too late so Macedonians took over and ruled Greece.
Phillip wanted to invade Persia, but was stabbed in the back by one of his guards and died. Alexander the Great took over as King.
Alexander the Great was taught by Aristotle. He was very smart and powerful. The city-state, Thebes, rebelled so Alexander killed 6000 people and sold the rest into slavery.
He took 35000 men to take over Persia. He sent in just the cavalry and they kill a lot of the Persians. The Persians fled.
Darius III was alarmed that he lost the battle. He raised somewhere between 50 and 70 thousand men. Alexander the Great sent his best men to kill the king. Darius III fled along with his army.
1. The people of Thebes should have been punished so harshly because they tried to rebel and kill the king. He probably didn't have to sell everyone into slavery, but at least now people know not to rebel against him. If Alexander just told them not to rebel I wouldn't think that that would stop them. Actions speak louder than words and he did do a pretty big action by killing 6000 people and selling the rest as slaves. I don't know why he didn't sell the priest though, if he already killed 6000 people I doubt selling one priest will make him a more terrible person.
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