Monday-The Phoenicians
Phoenician origination- no one knows where they came from. Greeks believed they came from the Persian gulfs and Indian ocean, came from the Canaanites. believe they existed prior to 1200 B.C.E.
Geography-independent city states, started through what is now Syria, Israel and Lebanon in 600 B.C. Natural Barriers(mountains) the Lebanon mountains, surrounded by the Syrian desert, they were surrounded by the Mediterranean sea.
Economy-Trade, created the alphabet, made purple dye and colorful beads.
Social Classes-king, middle class, slaves and servants
Entertainment-types of dancing, center of erotic dancing
Art-4th-19th century, best known for small decorative pieces, blended with surrounding cultures, ivory panels, metal bowls, colorful glass, architecture, used to communicate ideas, bright colors, little detail.
Gender Roles-Men ruled over women, men had the role of leading and being in charge, in some rare cases, women would rule over men.
Religion-they believed in many gods(polytheism), some of the majors gods were: Reshef-god of fire and lightning, Dagon- god of wheat.
Watch 9/11 video
Tuesday-9/11 video and 9/11 talk
Wednesday-present(egypt)
Thursday-Babylonians-
Social Hierarchy-Awilu(free people of the upper class) Wardu(slave, prisoners of war, recruited from the Babylonian citizenry, free people could be reduced to slavery as a punishment, children and family were often sold as slave in time of need)Mushkenu(a free person of low estate)
Babylonian jobs-brick-maker, bricklayer, baker, wine-maker, cook, farmer, musician, Gardner, tax collector.
Trade-trade was the key to wealth(by promoting trade the king could tax people) the trade routes had to be safe, they also had to be protected from bandits, large stable empires were good for trade(one empire controlling the route meant there would be peace and security. when trade routes weren't safe they were discontinued, Babylon was important in the middle eastern trade network(traders were taking exports out and bringing imports in, merchants were bringing food from other places)
Political History-King Hammurabi(1792-1750 BC) gov type-monarchy, king ruled officials. Risen power when his father was thrown off of the thrown.
Laws-Code 282 laws (Doc. Sev. Injury-money if cured/killed-extremities cut) Guilty-removed parts(tongue,hands, etc)Earliest example of "an for an eye"
Wars-2 closets neighbors(Elam and Syria) Assyria-city captured(brought statue of Marduk(god) to Assyria. Recaptured statue(kept going 10+ years)
Geography-the city was put in the middle of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. the mountains surrounded the East and North sided of the plain, the Zagros chain and Kurdistan. Syrian and Arabian deserts guard the West and South.
Climate-summer was hot and dry(rivers would overflow), winter was cold and wet
Religion-many gods, Anu(god of the sky), Ea(god of wisdom), Enlil(fate and kingship). Bigger god had bigger temple.
Tower of Babel-tried to reach heaven(bricks-stones),(tar-mortar), languages mixed up, scattered over the world.
Education-boys only 8-9, school- tablet house, copied tablets, Sumerian-akkadian language.
Art-Structures were built with stone(rare), mud(common). Paintings represented(mythology, creatures, sacrifices/offerings, fighting)
Hanging Garden of Babylon-terraces made of baked brick and asphalt, plants on terraces, didn't actually hang.
Entertainment-Hunted, boxing and wrestling, polo on shoulders, board games, children- miniature weapons, festivals-singers and musicians.
Gender roles(women)-married(arranged by parents) and had family. Adultery, prostitution(not considered a bad thing)jobs: stay home with children, trade(clothes, beer, food perfume), weaving and selling clothing
gender roles (men)-power over family, 1st error against father=hand cut off, 2nd error against father=he could do what ever he wanted to them.
Friday-Shang Dynasty-
Political-Monarchy, high official(relatives), warlord, taxes, death penalty(when you talk back to someone)
History-Chang Ting, defeat King Jie of the Xia, power in 1600 BC, Shang work with people, social program for the poor, corrupt by king DiXin, Overthrown by Wu of Zhou.
Geography-Natural borders-Himalayas, pacific ocean and Gobi desert. Located within the yellow river valley. Time occupied area-2nd millennium B.C. Climate-the most common weather in Asia is dry weather with occasional monsoons due to the wind circulation near the Himalayas.
Economy-Bronz wares, Agriculture-rice, corn, millet, wheat. Started the trait of fishing when established, had well made woven silk.
How Dynasties were formed-Ancient China was controlled by clans, when a clan got powerful enough;that clan became the ruling family.
Social classes-ruling class/nobles/warriors, Artisans and traders(craft workers)-made handcrafts such as fine jade carvings, silk products, embroidery, chinaware, and lacquered objects. Farmers-grew rice, wheat, millet, and corn. Slaves-did whatever their owners said, those who worked for the emperor got the worst treatment.
Advancement-developed a refined writing system that had over 2000 symbols, began to use horse-drawn chariots, created 12 month calendar with 365 and 1/4 days based on the moons cycles, mass production of bronze, silk, and jade, developed the decimal system.
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