During the Dorian period
- Change
-during the period…
Dorian and the Mycenaean people started to identify less with culture of their ancestors and more with the local area
Government made the transition from tribal or clan control to more formal governments called CITY STATES
- Government
-a POLIS was made up of a city and its surroundings countrysides which would include numerous villages
-citizens of the polis would come together to meet at an ACROPOLIS to discuss their city government.
-not all city-states had the same form of government
4 Types of Government
- Monarchy
-state ruled by a king
-rule is hereditary
-some rulers claim that they have a divine right to rule
-practiced in Mycenae by 2000 BC
DIVINE RIGHT – thought was Gods will to send them here to rule people.
- Aristocracy
-state ruled by nobility
-rule is hereditary and based on ties, social rank, wealth,
-social status and wealth support rulers’ authority
-practiced in Athens prior to 594 BC
- Oligarchy
-state ruled by a small group of citizens
-rule is based on wealth and/or ability
-ruling group controls the military
-practiced in Sparta by 500 BC
- Direct Democracy
-state ruled by the citizens
-rule is based on citizenship
-majority rule decides vote
-practiced in Athens by 500 BC
Citizenship – aren’t a citizen just because you live there. You have to be a land owner, born in Athens, free, and an adult.
- Athens
-about the 600 BC, Athens was taking steps towards a democracy
-there were major reforms for the next 100 years that would enentually lead to a democracy starting around 500 BC
- Key Players
-Draco
-Developed a legal code based on the idea that all Athenians, rich and poor, were equal under law
-he had very harsh punishments for any crime
-believed in debt slavery
-the word “draconian” has come to mean “extreme cruelty or severity”
-Solon
-stated that no citizen should own another
-organized Athens into four social classes based on wealth
-only top 3 classes could hold political offices
-however, all 4 could participate in the Athenian assembly
-Cleisthenes
-broke Athens up based on regions that the citizens lived instead of wealth-10 groups
-he increased the power of the assembly by allowing all citizens to submit laws for debate and passage
-created the council of Five Hundred
-it proposed laws, council assembly, all members chosen at random.
- Limited Democracy
-the reforms allowed for a limited democracy
-however, but all people were citizens
-Requirements: free, adult, property owners, born in Athens.
- Sparta
-located in the southern part of Greece
-was cut off from the rest of Greece by the Golf of Corinth
- Spartan Government
-several branches
-assembly, all citizens, elected officials and voted on major issues,
-council of Elders, 30 older citizens, proposed laws on the assembly to vote on
-five elected officials that carried out the laws that were passed by the assembly
-two kings that ruled over Sparta’s military
Athens vs. Sparta
Compare and Contrast
-purpose of education for boys and girls - Jord
-responsibility of citizens and noncitizens - Jess
-roles of women in society - Julie
-opportunities for artistic expression - Shelby G
-military - Shelby P
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