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NO SCHOOL
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World History- The history of the World
BC - Before Christ
AD- Anno Domini (Latin for "In the year of the Lord")
Civilization- A highly advanced society
The five traits of civilization- Advanced Cities, Writing / Record Keeping, Specialized Workers, Complex Instituitions, Advanced Technology
Empire- A country that has power over other parts of the world outside its own borders.
Ex: British Empire, Yuan Dynasty, Qing Dynasty, Spanish Empire, Russian Empire, Mongol Empire
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Many civilizations sprouted up near rivers. Nile, tigris/Euphrates, Indus, and Yellow/Yangtze. Rivers supply transportation, food, water, etc.
Mesopotamia- Greek for, "The land between rivers" . Also known as "The Fertile Cresent" for it's fertile soil in a crescent shape of land.
Sumer- 5000 BC - 1750 BC Religion- Polytheistic - they worship many Gods. Sumarian Ziggurat- Largest structure in the city. Men and Women in Sumer- Men held powerful position and education and made laws. Women took care of home and children and did not get an education unless they were very rich. Some educaed women became priestesses in temples.
City States- Had its own military and they fought for farm land.
Hannible was invading Rome but was never able to go after the capital because they had walls.
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Technical advances of Sumerians- The wheel, Vehicles with wheels (carts/wagons), Potter's wheel, Plow-pulled oxen(increased farm production), clock, sewers under streets, bronze tools and weapons, makeup, glass jewlery, Writing, and math concepts.
Sumerian math divided the circle into 360 degrees and was a system based on 60. They also divided the year into 12 months and created the 24 hour day, They also calculated the areas of triangles and rectangles.
Invention of Writing- Cuneiform- World's first system of writing. Scribe- Writer. Epics- Long poems that tell the stories of heroes.
We watched a video on Gilgamesh.
Sumer Fall apart because the city states were never really united as a country and bigger and more powerful grous came in and conquered them.
The Rise of Babylon - Babylon was a citystate within Sumer but became so strong that they took the land over. they became more and more powerful and took over more land and became an empire. Babylon was quite powerful in 1800 BC but by 1026 BC Assyrians took them over.
Hammurabi- Babylons greatest King. Fought many battler to extend his power and named the Babylon Empire after the Capital. He was able to govern entire empire and oversaw irrigation projects. He improver tax collection systems and increased trade which led to prosperity. He ruled for 42 years and after his death Babylon declined.
Hammurabi's code- 282 laws dealing with almost every part of daily life. This includes Loans, theft, marriage, injury and murder. Some of these laws are seen in todays laws. It was important because it was written down for everyone to see and know about.
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In Hammurabi's Code, there are fines, Payback (eye for and eye), Death. Today we have these in the forms of fines, suing, and death sentances.
Gardens Of Babylon: Myth or real?
Nile River Valley, Ancient Egypt. How long did the Ancient Egyption Civilization Last? -About 3000 years.
Rivers- Nile river, 4000 miles long - the worlds longest river. It gave them rich soil to grow food. Surounding deserts gave them protection. The mediterranean and red seas gave them a way to trade with others. The Tigris flooded a lot and destroyed a lot of land.
Egyptian government- Earliest rulers were village cheifs. Fewer and stronger cheifs tried o take over villages to form kingdoms. eventually there were only two kindoms- upper and lower (they look flipped on a map). eventually a very strong king of the upper kingdom conquered the lower kingdom and made it one. Narmer became Egypts first Pharaoh (seen as god-kings). Upper egypt wore a white crown and Lower egypt wore red crowns but Narman had a compination of the two.
Dynasties- Narmer began the first ruling dynasty of Egypt. A dynasty is a group of rulers from the same family. (more females like chleopatra). These dynasties are divided tnto three seperate kingdoms.
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