Holy Poop its already friday...Get key topics for the chapters: https://mrbruns.ning.com/group/ushistory/forum/topics/ch-58-key-ques...Key questions for:Ch. 5.1:-Describe Native American culture.*small villages*hunted buffalo* traded tools and clothes* Moved on horses to hunt and fast travel* Use everything, didnt waste. (Buffalo)*Conflict ended in war* boys became hunters/ women cooked and made hides, took care of kids.-Why did settlers/people move to the Great Plains?*for making railroads*gold rush.. found in colorado.*cattle raching*farming.*sheep herding-How did the US gov't deal with Native Americans in the mid to late 1800's? What were their policies?*Assimilation and Dawes Act.*Government made treaties and controlled where the Native Americans could live and hunt. They had to hunt in their area.*Assimilation- plan to get Native Americans to give up their beliefs-Describe a cowboy's life.* non-stop work* 10 to 14 hrs on ranch, 14+ on trail.* stay alert on trail.* expert riders and ropers* used guns to protect herd.*season started with spring round up, herded longhorns in one place.- Went on long drive to go north for railroads to move cattle.Ch. 5.2:-How did railroads and the Homestead Act help settle the Great Plains?*Government made large grants. Homestead Act offered 160 acres of land to any citizen who was head of hious free. in less than a day 2 million acres were owned Sooner state oklahoma-*people took land before it was open.*Railroads had to give up western land holdings for the Yellowstone National Park.-What challenges did settlers face on the Great Plains?*Lots of droughts, floods, fire, blizzards, plagues, and raid by outlaws and Indians. Trees were scarce built homes ouf of dirt brick and dug home into hills. Homes were heaven for snakes.-What problems did farmers face on the Great Plains?Tough dirt, hard ground, machinery was expensive- bigger farms meant bigger debt. Shipping grain was expensive. Drew farmers together. When wheat prices whre high they could repay their debt.Ch. 5.3:-What problems did farmers face on the Great Plains?*Not very much good land*Rail roads would charged to much*They over grew crops*They weren't receiving what they should have been for their crops*Farmers had to share one railroad-Who were the Populists and what did they believe in?*Populists were a group of farmers and other western people who realized that they needed to make changes through politics.*Now known a the Democratic Party*They help proposed economics reforms:-higher prices for goods and services-a gradual income tax-federal loan program*Government reforms:-election of the U.S. senators by popular vote-single terms for presidents and vice-presidents-a secret ballet to end vote fraud*The party then elected 5 senators, 3 governors, and around 1,500 state legislatorsCh. 6.1:-What caused the Industrial revolution to really take off in the late 1800's?*Oil* steel better then iron. Its hard.*cheap labor from immigrants*cities allowed for large markets*a lot of natural resources*government stays out of buisnesses- laissez-fairre*entrepreneurs-What were some new inventions in the late 1800's and what affect did they have on people's lives?* telephone*lightbulb.*telegraph.*made life easier.Ch. 6.2:- What impact did railroads have on the US?*Pros--increased trade, safer than wagons, booming of towns, quicker travel, comfort for passengers*Cons--construction cost, risks for workers, engines breaking down, trouble with time until time zones were established.- Why were many people upset with the railroads?*the governments misuse of land grants*fixed prices*the railroads would charge more for a short haul than a large haul.- What did the Grangers or government do to regulate the railroads?* Grangers- an organization of farmers, they demanded control over the railroad industry*Granger laws- established maximum freight and passenger rates and prohibited discrimination.Interstate Commerce Act- established the right on the federal government to supervise the railroads activites and 5 members of interstate commerce commissionCh. 6.3:- Tell me about Andrew Carnegie.*Worked at the PA Railroad Company, most powerful steel company, new machinery and techniques (accounting, offered stocks, and he like competition), Carnegie Hall, gave most of his money away before he died.- Tell me about John D. Rockefeller.*Created a monopoly, lower wages for workers and lower prices of oil the other companies couldn't keep up and went bankrupt, called the Robber Barons, Rockerfeller Foundation, Medical Insitute, U of Chicago- What was Social Darwinism and how did it apply to business?*Social Darwinism- the success and failure in business were governed by natural law and no one had the right to intervene. If a business failed, no one would help them.- Explain how companies formed monopolies(vertical/horizontal integration, trusts).*Vertical Integration- Oil Companies would buy out stores oil fields railroads, Horizontal Integration- standard oil companies would by out smaller oil companies (page 242)- How did the government try to regulate business?*Sherman Antitrust Act- regulate businesses adn break them up if needed.- What are labor unions and what is their purpose?*People in factories join together to fight back and get better wages, they were created for keeping workers from being over worked and under paid- Were labor unions successful in achieving their goals? Explain/Give examples* yes and no.Ch. 7.1:Why did immigrants come to the US?*Gold Rush* better pay.Where did immigrants come from?*San Fransisco- China, Japan.*New York- Italy Russia.What problems/issues did immigrants face on the trip over and once they got here?*Chinese Exclusion Act. only teachers students, governtment could enter* worked for lower pay.Why did some people want to put restriction on immigration? What were those restrictions?*immagrants took american jobs.Ch. 7.2Why did cities grow so quickly in the late 1800's and early 1900's?What problems did cities fact due to the rapid increase in population?What did some people do to try to help the bad situation in the cities?Ch. 7.3What was the political machine and what did they do for a city?Tell me about Boss Tweed and the Tweed Ring.What caused all this corruption in government?What laws came about to reform government?Ulysses S. Grant, Rutherford B. Hayes, James Garfield, Chester Arthur, Grover Cleveland, Benjamin Harrison, Grover Cleveland and William Mckinley were all presidents during the late 1800's. Were they a reform president or a status quo president?Ch. 8.1:-What advances in science and technology help solve urban problems?Ch. 8.2:-How did education change in the late 1800's and early 1900's?Ch. 8.3:-What laws and restrictions were put on African-Americans and other minorities after Reconstruction ended?-Explain the significance of Plessy v. Ferguson.Ch. 8.4:-Explain what people did for entertainment in the late 1800's and early 1900's.Ch. 9.1-Define the Progressive Era and why it started(goals).-What is prohibition? Why did people want prohibition to come about? What tactics were used to bring about prohibition?-Describe the impact aid organizations had on our country.-What did the 18th Amendment do and why did people want it?-What is socialism? How was it started in the United States?-What/who were muckrakers and what impact did they have on our country?-What did local government do to reform itself during the Progressive Era?-What did businesses do to bring better efficiency to their business?-What did the progressives do to make the workplace safer?-What did the progressives do to help end or reduce child labor?-What did progressives do to help workers reduce the number of hours they had to work?-What did progressives do to bring about better wages for workers?-What did progressives do to make our country more democratic?-What did the 17th Amendment do?Ch. 9.2-Describe the major social changes that affected women during the Progressive Era.-Describe women's push for suffrage(voting) and the passing of the 19th Amendment.-Describe some women who were leaders in the push for suffrage and temperance.Ch. 9.3-Describe the major accomplishments of Teddy Roosevelt as President.-Square Deal-Breaking up strikes-Regulating railroads-Regulating food and drugs-Conservation-Civil RightsCh.9.4-Describe the major accomplishments and problems of William Howard Taft's presidency-Payne-Aldrich Tariff-Land disputes-Breaking up trusts-You will have to look elsewhere for some other accomplishments as the book is limited-Break-up of the Republican Party-Describe the outcome of the 1912 Presidential Election.Ch. 9.5-Describe the major accomplishments/issues of Woodrow as President.-Breaking up trusts
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