- Students will understand the impact the Industrial Revolution had on the United States.(Ch. 6)
- Started because wealth of natural resources (coal, steel, iron)
- Government support for business
- Monopolies were big
New Inventions
- cotton gin; produced more cotton so needed more slaves
- railroads; brought prices down
- steamboat
- weapons became more modernized
- telegraph
- whale oil for lamps
- Students will understand the impact immigration and urbanization had on the United States.(Ch. 7)
Immigration
*Why they came!*
- Some temporarily come to US to earn money, then leave
- For better life
- Escape famine
- Land shortages
- Religious/Political prosecution
*Problems Faced*
- Small confined area
- Diseases
- Not much food
-Came from Europe, Russia, China, Mexico
-Had to pass tests at Ellis Island
-Thought were taking jobs away from Americans
- Students will understand the impact of the Progressive Era on the United States.(Ch. 9)
- Bringing change to the world
- GOAL: protecting social welfare, promoting moral improvement, creating economic reform and fostering efficiency
- reform government (give power to lower people)
- 17th amendment (direct election of senators), 18th (alcohol), 19th (woman rights)
- cutdown hours, pay more
- people started to go to college more
- lowered; rose tarrifs
- Students will understand the impact imperialism had on the United States and world.(Ch. 10)
- Imperialism became very common with the major powers of the world
- US looked to imperialism because brings military power & prestige to your country & get natural resources
-Naval Bases & refueling stations
-Natural resources; trading
-White Man’s Burden (Mckinley + Taft)
5. Students will understand the causes for US involvement in World War I and the effects it had on the United States.(Ch. 11)
*Causes of WW1*
- Mutual Defense Alliances (Central Powers and Allied Forces)
- Imperialism
-extending a country’s power outside of the borders, taking over countries!
- Militarism
-principle or policy of maintaining a large military
-Britain and Germany were trying to prove who was better
- Nationalism
-strong supporter of rights and interests of one’s country
-Slavic people in Bosnia wanted to be a part of Serbia instead of Austria-Hungary
- Assassination of Archduke Francz Ferdinand *spark of war*
*Causes for US Involvement *
- American business - pushed US into war
- German declaration of unlimited submarine warfare
- U.S. very upset with both sides in war (Great Britain & Germany both sinking American ships)
- Kept getting closer to war and Allies
- Trade with England increased while Germany declined
- The Zimmerman Note
-coded telegram sent by Foreign secretary of German Empire; Aurthur Zimmerman in 1917
-Sent to German ambassador in US
-Intercepted and decoded by British
-Contents were given to American press
- Lusitania Sinking
- Bullets of War Hawks
*Trench Warfare and Weapons *
- Battling between two opposing armies that are both entrenched
- One third deaths came from this (surprise attacks, sniper fire, disease)
- Bayonet, Flamethrower, Poison Gas, Submarines, Tanks, Machine Guns
*US Home front *
- US increased taxes
- Liberty Bonds increased
- Women & children had gardens
- Saved food with Lever Act
- Women started working in factories
- African Americans went north
- Women wanted more rights
*Wilson’s 14 Points & Treaty of Versailles *
Wilson’s 14 Points
- proposition to end World War 1
- 1. open covenets; no more secrets; (secret deals)
- 2. can navigate freely on the seas; general peace, fighting with other nations, League of Nations remains neutral
- 3. Trying to eliminate barriers of trade; tariffs, etc
- 4. can't own too many weapons, lessen weapons
- 5. have to be neutral with all of the colonies;
-can't pick sides & need to listen to both side
-Wilson was a big pusher of the countries all being independent
- 6. evacuate German troops out of Russian territory; Russia decided to form a government they wanted without any interference (determine own political set-up)
- 7. German troops need to evacuate Belgium; Belgium deserved to be independent like they were before war
- 8. France has taken Germany's control of the French territory; France is allowed to recover Alsase Lorraine (region in France)
- 9.All Italians should be allowed to live in Italy; readjust Italy's boundaries to get land back
- 10. People who live in Austria-Hungary should have self-determination (all ethnic groups) (let people determine the future)
- 11. people in the Balkan states should be independent; must evacuate the General Power of Serbia, Montenegro and Romania
- 12. Turkish people should be governed by Turkish government; non Turkish people should govern themselves
- 13. Poland should be independent; Should be able to access the sea
- 14. League of Nations is created to make independence to all states
Treaty of Versailles
- Forced Germany to give up their land; give to other countries (13.5%)
- Germany had to pay 33 billion dollars; put in huge depression
- Wanted to make sure never had to worry about Germany again
- Germany had War Guilt Clause thrown in their face; take responsibility of war
- League of nations; spread pace & stop war
- Harding kept us out of League of Nations (US didn’t sign)
- Didn’t want to be involved in European wars (US didn’t sign)
- Germany hated it; put them into a huge depression & Hilter undid everything it did
- United States didn't like that we were tricked into it & thought we were pulled into it
- Great Britain thought it was okay; middle man; forgive & forget
- France hated it & thought it was way too easy on Germany
- Italy hated it & thought they should have gotten more land
- Russia hated it - got a lot of land taken away
6. Students will understand the political, social and economic changes that occurred in the 1920’s in the United States.(Ch. 12/13)
*Roaring 20's and the return to normalcy*
Roaring 20s
- Known as the Jazz Age
- Time when Nascar started; started because people were running from cops
- The automobile became popular
-This allowed people to move away from the cities because they could drive back to the city to work.
-More families were spread about and not all living in same area.
- Sports started becoming popular (Babe Ruth)
- Airplanes
-First nonstop flight across the ocean (Lindbergh)
Return to Normalcy
- Wanted to get back to what the U.S. knew as normal, and stay out of participating in European wars
- Needed to focus on the United States first and build up America
- Harding was the one focused on the Return to Normalcy (his platform)
- Part of staying out of European affairs was to stay out of League of Nations
*Red Scare*
- Happened 1919-1920
- Communist Scare
-United States thought they were going to turn communist
- United States in response:
-stopped immigration (to try to keep out any communism)
-stopped Palmer Raids; take out any communists and deport (Hoover & Palmer)
*Republican Philosophy*
- Republicans overrule (Republicans wanted to do little)
- Trickle-down theory
-taxes especially for the rich; trickle down to help poor
- Laissez-faire
-government stays out of business; let them do as they please
- Rugged Individualism
-people need to help themselves & step up; your responsibility
*Prohibition*
- Started with 18th amendment
-banned selling + transporting alcohol (not drinking)
- Women pushed for it during the progressive era
-caused abuse
- Didn’t like it because took away their “rights”
- Prohibition Bureau (enforced)
- Only 100+ people in charge of finding them
- Brought about organized crime
- Ended it with another amendment (21st)
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