SEMESTER TEST TOPICS:
1. What were the causes of the stock market crash of 1929 and the Great Depression?
-buying on margin, over speculation which caused overpriced stock, Too much borrowing from banks due to low interest rate. Government didn't have regulations which caused pooling.
-Stock Market crash, bank failures, reduction in purchasing, and American Economic Policy with Europe. American Economic Policy with Europe: Smoot- Hawley Tariffs were extremely high and hurt companies. Tariff-tax on imported goods idea: protects American Companies, and encourages people to American business, World trade was ruined by the Tariffs.
2. What impact did the stock market crash and Great Depression have on the lives of people in the United States?
-People lost money, banks fail, businesses close, unemployment rates rise, people quit spending money, and spreading to other countries.
-New deal programs start and the government gets larger, government started spending more money than we took in, older people lost trust in banks, and brought fascist military and communist dictators to power.
3. What did the United States government do to help alleviate the problems the Great Depression brought to our country?
-New Deal: Main focus was on business and banks, started in 1932, based on the 3 R's Relief, Recovery, and Reform.
Legislation: Home Owner's Loan Corporation, Federal Emergency Relief Administration.
The Emergency Banking Act reopened the banks and shut down all banks for called a Banking holiday.
4. What long lasting impact did the Great Depression have on the US and world?
-Families: marriages were put off and birth rates dropped
-Living conditions: many lived in hoovervilles, had to go to soup kitchens women made the men go because they were to ashamed, and many had to sign up for welfare
5. What were the causes of WWII?
-Germany invading Poland in 1939, pearl harbor, nationalism, impieralism, militarism, and alliances.
6. What impact did the United States have on WWII?
-Atomic bombs, amount of troops we had, and amount of goods provided. Credit to women and older people for making the goods.
7. What were the goals for the US during the Cold War?
-To stop communism and the domino effect
Domino effect- if one country went to communism they all would like dominos
8. What were some of the major events that took place during the Cold War?
-Berlin Blockade/airlift: Germany was split in two the east being soviets we dropped goods into the west side, and they blocked off the roads and stuff so we couldn't trade with the west so thats why we dropped it in.
-Cuban Missile Crisis: was started because we had missiles in turkey pointed at the soviets. They then put missiles in Cuba pointing at us. 13 day standoff. We compromised by them taking their missiles out of Cuba and we took ours out of Turkey.
-Red Scare/McCarthyism: Red scare was when we were scared that the US was going to become communist. McCarthyism was when Arther McCarthy had a list of people that he was accusing of being communist so he put them on trial, but he no proof that any of them were actually communist.
-Space Race: Against Russia. They got Sputnik into the sky before we did. US had the first moon landing though whom was Lance Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin. Sally Ride was the first female in space. We ended up in first against Russia in the end.
-Bay of Pigs:
- April 17, 1961
- Goal: Overtake Fidel Castro and the government because he made his country communist
- 1300 exiles (with U.S. supplies and weapons) invaded the Bahi’a de Cochinos(The Bay of Pigs)
- It was evident they were going to lose to Castro’s army, but the U.S. decided not to send the Air Force to help out
- 90 exiles died; the rest were taken as prisoners.
- Kennedy/U.S was embarrassed and blamed for not doing more to help out and for letting it happen in the first place
- Private U.S. groups later ransomed for the prisoners.
- This caused fear by Cuba that would try and overtake their island; distrust between countries
-Berlin Wall:
- After WW2 Germany was separated into 4 zones and in the city of Berlin it was split into communist and democrats
- This wall was built in order to keep the east(communists) out of the west (democratic) and stop them from fleeing in the west area
-End of the Cold War
9. Why did the US go to war in Korea and Vietnam and what were outcome of those wars?
-Korea was split after WWII North was bad south was good. We leave South Korea and North attacks. UN and we get involved and push all them into China.
-Vietnam was split into two. North US South Bad. 1968 ted offensive was a huge attack done by the veitcong. We pulled out and then everyone turned communist.
10. How did the Cold War come to an end?
-Gorbachev was open to change, He and Reagan met, Soviet economy was bad, soviets were in a war in Afghanistan.
11. Know these major major post-Cold War Events:
-JFK Assassination:
- November 22, 1963 In Dallas, Texas in the ELite Plaza on a campaign trip
- Assinator= Lee Harvery Oswald by a rifle
- Govenor of Texas and secret service man were wounded
- Kennedy was pronounced dead in Parkland Hospital shortly after brought there
- Later Oswald was killed people going into court by Ruby
- Harvey was in the marines (sharp shooter; means he has a really good shot)
- Harvery has defection to the USSR
-Watergate:
- Watergate was an office/hotel complex in D.C. - home to the democratic national headquarters (for election campaigns)
- 5 people were arrested for breaking and entering and then Nixon said he didn't know anything about this; said they were getting dirt on the democrats- were trying to bug the phones
- Caught the 2nd time, put tape in the door the wrong way
- Two Washington Post reporters investigated it; why were they wearing suits? why were they bugging the phones? why did they have 100 dollars in their pocket?
- criminals were Nixon's former employees
-Iran Hostage Crisis-
- Between the U.S. and Iran; on November 4, 1979 the Iran took 52 Americans hostage for 444 days.
- Before this in 1977, there was an Iran Revolution
- Islamic government over threw the pro-US government and Ayatollah Khomeini overtook as leader
- this was the group that caused problems/dislikes with the United States and took the Americans hostage
- We attempted to rescue them, but it failed miserably with 8 American deaths, one Iran civilian dead, and destruction of 2 aircraft's
- Purpose: we had "The Shaw" (their previous pro-U.S. leader) in our country so Iran wanted him back, so they wanted a trade. They would give us the hostages if we give them their previous leader (we didn't make this trade)
- We got them back when Iraq invaded Iran and they were desperate and made a trade
- Got them back January 20, 1981
-Persian Gulf War(1991)-
- began when Iraq invaded Kuwait on August 2, 1990 (Sudam Husan was the Iraq leader)
- Purpose: Iraq felt Kuwait was stealing their oil and they wanted better access to the Persian Gulf
- United Nations then ordered Iraq to pull out of Kuwait (they refused)
- Operation Desert Shield- we send 1000 of troops to Saudia Arabia in order to prevent an invasion their and to threaten Sudan Husein- 1990
- we never too out troops so this may have led to 9/11
- bombed them repeatedly
- Operation Desert Storm (after they still didn't pull out) = we started bombing their troops and they invaded Kuwait so we were trying to free them
- won within a month
- most of the world against Iraq
- Results: Coalition Force Victory, Iraqi withdrawal from Kuwait, destruction of Iraqi/ Kuwait infrastructure
- Coalition- US- 482 dead, Iraq- 20,000-35,000
- Easy victory; Iraq pulled out; we never pulled out of Saudi Arabia
-9-11- 4 airplanes, 2 of the airplanes were hijacked the planes and crashed them into the towers and they fell. One plane was hijacked and flew into the pentagon. The 4th was hijacked but the passenger got control and crashed in a field. Alkida was responsible.
-War in Afghanistan- went in a result of 911, where the Taliban government was, that's where the Alkidas were allowed to train there. Taliban wasn't gonna let us in so we invaded! We hope to be out of Afghanistan by 2014. Made unpopular because of the Abu Ghraib Prison Abuse pictures. We got involved because of 9-11 they were stationed in Afghanistan.
-War in Iraq- Went in because we thought there was weapons of mass destruction, but we had no proof. Saddamn Housain was the leader
Comments