1. Students will understand the impact the Industrial Revolution had on the United States. The Industrial Revolution changed the way people lived. Factories and businesses started to use more machinery rather then having people do all the work. Products that the companies made could easily make their merchandise a lot quicker and easier. This saved people from becoming injured and having to miss out on work. Although, people lost their jobs and couldn't pay off their bills due to the unemployment lowering. The poverty rate was on the rise and the death rate also rose.During the Industrial Revolution, inventions of new technology were being made all over the place. Thomas Edison established the light bulb in 1876. Later, he invented the entire system for electrical power. With the invention of electricity, businesses changed how they operated. By 1890, almost every machine in a business was powered by electricity. Another technology invention that changed the way every person lived is the telephone. Alexander Graham Bell was the main technologist behind the make of the telephone.2. Students will understand the impact immigration and urbanization had on the United States. During the late 19th century, and early 20th century, the United States was a place that promised a better life for immigrants from almost everyone other country. Immigrants that were moving to the United States were moving away from famine, land shortages, and religious or political persecution. “Birds of passages,” were people who only moved to the U.S. to make money and then move back to their homeland.Beginning in the 1890’s, a large number of the immigrants came from countries located in southern and eastern Europe. Between the years of 1870 and 1920, 20 millions Europeans immigrated to the United States. In 1907, approximately a million people came from Italy, Austria-Hungary, and Russia. Chinese immigrants came to the West Coast in small numbers. Out of the 300,000 that arrived to the United States between 1851 and 1883, a good percentage of them had the goal to seek their fortunes of finding gold. This sparked the California gold rush.The main mode of transportation immigrants used to get to the U.S. was the steamship. The trip across the Atlantic Ocean from Europe took about one weak. The immigrant’s trip coming from Asia took nearly three weeks. The trip over seas was very crowded and infested with lice. The toilets were shared among all of the passengers. Disease spread quickly and some immigrants died before they even reached their destination. Once the people that made it through the terrible conditions got to the United States, they had to go through either Ellis Island, or Angel Island. Ellis Island was located in the New York Harbor. When the immigrants got to the islands, they had to go through tests that took five hours or more. First, they had to pass a doctor’s examine which would rule out any people that had diseases and they were sent home. After the doctor’s examine, they went through a government inspection. They had to have at least 25 dollars to get through the inspection. Angel Island was mainly for the Chinese immigrants and their testing was a lot more complex then the ones at Ellis Island. Only a select few of them would get through.A wide majority of the immigrants lived in the cities because city living was cheaper and had the most convenient places to live. Another plus to living in the cities was having a bigger job selection. The Americanization Movement was designed to assimilate people of wide-ranging culture into the dominant culture. Housing became a major issue in the cities when immigrants moved in. They were given an option of two housing types. One was to have a house on the outskirts of town, but face transportation problems. The other option was to have a house in the city, but face cramping problems and possibly have to share a home with one or more other families.As the population of the cities increased with more and more immigrants, the water systems became full of bacteria. Cities were having troubles keeping safe drinking water available to all the people of the city. Sanitation also became a problem. Instead of having garbage removal services, people just threw their garbage out into the streets. Crime was also another effect to the urbanization of cities. The number of pickpockets and thieves grew immensely. The first salaried police force was put to work in 1844. Since the people were using most of the water, fires were spreading very often. Although fires are usually referred to as being bad, in some cases they were referred to as a good thing. If an old building burnt down, they could rebuild a new one it’s place.3. Students will understand the impact of the Progressive Era on the United States.8Progressivism had four main goals. The first goal was to protect social welfare. In the late 1800’s, The Social Gospel tried to help the poor through community centers, churches, and social services. The Salvation Army was set up to feed the poor and made a shelter available for them. The Salvation Army also started soup kitchens. Children were starting to be more cared for in nurseries. Promoting Moral Improvement was another goal Progressivism had. Alcohol has become a major problem in these times. People started to abuse their rights and not follow what little restrictions there were. The last two goals were to create economic reform, and fostering efficiency.4. Students will understand the impact imperialism had on the United States and world.Imperialism is the policy in which stonger nations their economic, political, or military control over weaker territories. In simpilar terms, this is where stronger nations would take over weaker ones, almost like a monopoly. The United States wanted to start expanding their country, so we started buying land. First, we bought Alaska for $7.2 million. No other countries seemed to want this land because it was mainly snowy mountains and harsh weather conditions. After Alaska, we bought Hawaii for their sugar plantations. Before we even bought Hawaii, there were more than 160 US men living here.The Spanish American war was between the two countries of Spain and Cuba. The war was caused by the yellow journalism, the sinking of the USS Maine, and several other smaller ones. Yellow journalism is where newspapers would get information about the war, and change the information into something that seemed more exciting. Casually, they would only recieve a picture and make a whole story just out of the picture. The USS Maine was ordered by President McKinely to go to Cuba to bring home American citizens. When Cuba saw the ship coming towards them, the assumed that we were going to go to was against them, and they blew us up.5. Students will understand the causes for US involvement in World War I and the effects it had on the United States.CausesA major reason the United States entered World War I was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. Ships were being sunk all of the place by many different countries. War Hawks Beleifs also became a big reason for the war. The Zimmerman Note was where Germany made an alliance with Mexico to fight America. Before the note reached its destinaton, it was intercepted and put in newspapers all over. This caused people to go to war with Germany. The trading between other countries was changing. Trade with England increased and trade with Germany decreased.In result to World War I, we created nine new countries. The rules of the Germany Army were changed and the number of there men was to 100,000. Germany lost land that was used for manufacturing, so their economy level went way down. Treaty of Versailles was the treaty that ended the war, and it stated Germany should take full responsibility for the war, which was the War Guilt Clause6. Students will understand the political, social and economic changes that occurred in the 1920’s in the United States.Political Changes- The Fordney-McCumber Tariff raised taxes on U.S. imports up to 60 percent. This is the highest level ever. The Teapot Dome Scandal was where the government set aside oil-rich public lands at Teapot Dome, Wyoming and Elk Hills, California. The U.S Navy used the land. The NAACP was an organization that fought for legislation to protect African-American rights. Anti-Lynching was one of the NAACP’s main priorities. African Americans started to move North in hope for better jobs and better living conditions. Lynching is just another word for hanging a person. In 1928, the Anti-Lynching Law was formed. It was the first attempt to stop lynching in our nation and name it as a state of crime.Marcus Garvey was in immigrant from Jamaica. His opinion on African Americans was that they to build their own society and be separate from everyone else. Garvey found the Universal Negro Improvement Association in 1914. By the mid 1920’s, Garvey believed that he had approximately a million followers. The group was 100 percent devoted to Americanism. By 1924, the KKK had 4.5 million members. The KKK destroyed anything involving African Americans. They demolished saloons, opposed unions, and drove Roman Catholics, Jews, and foreign-born people out of the country.Economic Changes- Basic industries that made steel, textiles, and railroads stopped making products. The American landscape changed during the 20's. Houses started to have driveways and garages. Route 66 was a major change; it helped people get across our country a lot more quick and easy. Herbert Hoover was the 31st president elected. He was involved in the process of The Efficiency Movement, which emphasized the scientific research on businesses, and made sure they were being operated to their fullest potential. Business owners began hiring psychologist to help with advertising. They would tell the business owner what the best way to advertise their merchandise would be. Familiar brands of goods were spread from coast to coast. At first, airplanes were used as mail services. The first mail service flight was in 1918. The trimotor was made in 1926 and Henry Ford made it.Social Changes- Around the time of 1920, women around America began to change. They threw away all their values and started acting more like men and partying more. The flapper’s styles were changed dramatically. They started wearing shorter dresses, more jewelry, dyed their hair jet black, etc. They had their own morals. They would drink, smoke, and do cocaine. Many people believed that you shouldn’t date unless you can see yourself marrying that person.During the war, the women all worked in the factories while the men were out fighting. After the war, men came back and took the factory jobs and women were kicked out of jobs. Women were never given jobs like mangers or higher up positions.The birth rate had been lower due to war. After the war, the birth rate still dropped. In 1916, the first birth control clinic opened up. Margaret Sanger was the creator of the clinic. This lead to a lot more casual relationships. Technological innovations helped with the housework and made it a lot easier. Kids were really no longer working so more and more were being sent off to school. Teens were becoming a lot more social and a lot more rebellious. Smaller newspaper businesses went out of business because they couldn’t keep up with the big time newspapers and magazines. They kept everyone current with what was all going on in the world. Charles Lindburg was the first person to fly nonstop across the Atlantic.The radio changed many families and pretty much the nation. It gave more access to the world, current events around the world, they learned things a lot quicker then they would have by newspaper or by mouth. The announcers of sports would describe the sport to make it seem like the people that were listening like they were actually there, watching it. 50 million people listened in on one specific fight between guys. School enrolment went on the rise. The number of highschoolers grew tremendously in 1914- 1926. Schools began offering more classes, mechanics, arts, and things that could help the kids go on in life. Teachers also needed to adapt how they taught. Immigrants were coming to school and since they didn’t know English, teachers had to do their share of teaching them the basics to English.7. Students will understand the causes and effects of the Great Depression.-Causes of the Great DepressionWorld War One, high demand of food, farm prices were going down, businesses were struggling to make money, over production of goods and merchandise, a lot of people were getting loans and couldn’t pay them off so they would go into debt, credit card phase, people that had money in their bank would take their money out of the bank, banks would eventually close due to lack of businesses, stock market crashing, By the late 1920’s, people were in great debt and stopped buying things. Businesses stopped having customers and started to lay people off. Some even closed their business down. The stock market crash caused millions of people to lose money and banks to close.-Effects/Responses of the Great DepressionBanks closed and people because of that lost a lot of their money. People lost money on stock markets. Businesses closed. People lost homes and became homeless and starving. Unemployment went way high. Run down areas would form on the outside of towns. A lot of fathers abandoned their families because they felt as if they let them down. Many people became hobos, who went from town to town looking for jobs and food. Farmers lost their farms. Okies were people from Oklahoma who left their houses and farms due to the dust bowl. The hatred of President Hoover. When Hoover took office, he said that everyone will have a chicken in every pot and a car in every garage. Meaning we will get rid of poorness and become a wealthy
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