1. Students will understand the impact the Great Depression and New Deal had on the US.
- Uneven distribution of wealth
- Debt because of buying on margin
- Overproduction of goods
- Unsuccessful economic policies
- Stock Market Crash
- Period of time in which there were little jobs and the highest unemployment rate in history
- A lot of banks failed during this time and many lost trust in them
- Money was scarce and families were hungry
- Farmers produced too much food and prices on goods plummeted but still people could not afford needed goods
- Many farmers and workers moved to the cities to try and find work
- 3 R's- Relief, Reform, Recovery
- First New Deal was aimed at fixing the
economy and the Second New Deal was aimed at helping the common people - New Deal was FDR’s plan to
get us out of the Great Depression
Farmers-AAA paid them to plant fewer crops...Soil conservation and domestic allotment act paid them to plant less and build terraces...RFC loans helped to make more jobs...
Unemployed-PWA helped to create new jobs in construction industry...USHA gave
jobs for unemployed to build homes...
Factory Workers-NLRA set up minimum wages...
Young People-NYA gave them jobs...CCC helped them get life skills and simple jobs...
Home Owners-USHA gave jobs for unemployed to build homes
Elderly-Social Security Act helped old people for retirement...
Native Americans-IRA got rid of the Dawes Act by giving them reservations on and have their schools and governments
2. Students will understand the causes, effects and major events of WWII.
Treaty of Versailles angered the Germans and they wanted to get back the land and other stuff that they had lost. The rise of communism in the Soviet Union by Joseph Stalin. The Rise of Fascism in Italy is also a cause. Fascism is that the interest of the state is more important than the individual. The most important cause is that the Nazi party had control of German. Nazism is extreme nationalism. They had a huge racial prejudice, they wanted a master race. The Nazi wanted to expand their empire. The final thing that led to WW2 was when Germany invaded Poland, which started the war. The effects of World War II include; the nuclear arms race, Marshall Plan, Truman Doctrine, the United States helped rebuild Japan, Germany and Berlin were both split into four parts, start of the Cold War. Communism also began to spread.
-Pearl Harbor-After the Japanese invaded French Indochina we stopped trading them. This caused them to feel like they could either trade something in order to be able to get oil back or attack usand we gave them no choice but to attack us. They did this at Pearl Harbor in a
sneak attack of two waves that attacked ships and the bases in Hawaii. This deeply angered the United States and caused us to enter the war against Japan.
-D-Day- largest amphibiousinvasion in history, invasion of Nazi controlled France. 137,000 troops landedon the Normandy coast on June 6 1944 called Operation Overlord. Utah beach was used to bring in supplies and had less casualties. Omaha beach was the hardest
beach to take since there was no prior bombing to soften the landing and they had
to face entrenched Germans in the cliff. Troops were dropped in France hours
before to try and surround the front lines. Some troops had left due to stormy
weather and the allies had air and naval superiority and the Axis leaders
thought that we were going to invade further north then in actuality.
Montgomery was the British General and Patton was the American General,
Eisenhower was the supreme ruler. We sent a lot of information out so that the
major attack would come at a point closer to UK. Dragoon was the operation that
invaded southern France. The eventually liberated Paris and it ended Operation
Overlord. Operation Market-Garden failed due to not enough supplies and it was
a lot of airdrops that were into German heavily fortified areas.
-Atomic bombing-Hiroshima and Nagasaki were the two cites that the US bombed to end WW2. Japanese had decoded a message and tried to evacuate the cities before the bombs were detonated but they didnt get out in time. They called Hiroshima "Little Boy" and they called Nagasaki "Fat Man". These cities were chosen because they had a lot of military supplies at their locations. Little Boy was made of U235 and Fat Man was made of plutonium. Severe burns, radiation, blindness were some effects of atomic bombs.
-Africa/European Front-Erwin Rommel was a leader from Germany and he was called the Desert Fox. He was a member of the conspiracy to kill Hitler. He did not torture a jew if he found one. He killed himself because they found out he was a part of the conspiracy. The war on the African Front began in 1940. Tanks were a big part because the land was flat so tanks could move across the terrain easily. Battle of Girba was first tank battle and it was won by the allies. Italy, Germany, Vichy France vs. Great Britain and the Free French Underground. Operation Torch was huge for the US. This was the first time the U.S. really got involved in the war. After this operation the allies were on the offensive most of the time. Allied powers won the African campaign.
The Battle of the Bulge was a major and the most important battle in World War II. It was Hitler's last offensive of the war. The Rhine River was the final obstacle for the United States and the rest of the Allies. The Malmady Massacre was when Germany killed numerous US Prisoners of War. The Allies wanted to divide and conquer parts of Germany. Soviets were the first outsiders to see the concentration camps. This was on July 23, 1944. They were the first to see because they got into Germany first. When Hitler was on the verge of defeat he committed suicide on April 30, 1945. The war then ended a short while after on May 7, 1945. Germany surrendered at a huge palace called the Reims
-Pacific Front-Japanese took control of Manila and started the Death March. They marched the Filipinos and US people around the camp and made them work. It was kind of like a concentration camp. A lot of people died during the Death March. On February 4, 1945 U.S. forces entered Manila and completely recovered the city within 3 weeks. Douglas MacArthur was one of the leading general against Japan. He led the recovery of Manila. The Battle of Coral Sea was another big battle. The bombing of Nagasaki was started on the morning of August 9, 1945. Even years after the bombing people kept dying because of the radiation sickness.
Kamikaze Attacks were suicide attacks that killed and destroyed enemy ships. They were used by the Japanese. A person would fly intentionally into a ship causing it to sink. They were effective, but could not change the end result of the war. 56% of Japan's ships were destroyed by submarines. We then cut off all of Japans oil imports which is why they attacked us at Pearl Harbor.
3. Students will understand how/why the Allies won WWII.
Allies had more resources and used their resources to make more stuff. Technology played a big role, especially with the atomic bombs. We had a good code breaking technology and we had a Navajo code that could not be broken. Hitler was killing jews and the people who created the atomic bombs for the US were jews from Europe. So if Hitler would not have done this they could have had the atomic bombs first. Because the US was an allied power-US was a huge power.
4. Students will understand the causes, effects and major events of the Cold War.
a. Define the Cold War and it's causes-Political, Strategic, and ideological struggle between the United States and the Soviet Union. It was really a fight between the communist Soviet Union and the non-communist United States. The main cause of the Cold War was that Germany was split into four parts following World War II. The United States, France, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union all had control of one of the sections. There was a lot of fighting over the splitting of Germany, which led to the Cold War. A war almost even broke out because of the disagreements that were going on over the splitting up of Germany. Another cause of the Cold War was when the Soviet Union made a atomic bomb after we used ours in World War II. They were mad because we didn’t tell them about making atomic weapons. The atomic bomb is the ultimate defensive weapon. Another cause of the Cold War was the Bolshevik Revolution which is when communism came into power in the Soviet Union. The most important cause of the Cold War was just that the two governments were completely different.
b. Policy of Containment -domino effect, mutual deterrence, massive retaliation, Truman Doctine, Marshall Plan, NATO- The Policy of Containment was what the United States used to stop the spread of communism. It built up foreign security, prevent the domino effect. The Domino Effect was a Communism Theory. If the Soviets took over more and more countries then the whole world would become Communist. Mutual Deterrence was if the Soviet Union launched missiles at us then we would in turn fire missiles at them. It was also called Massive Retaliation.Truman Doctrine gave military aid to Greece and Turkey because we thought that communism was spreading there so we wanted to help them stop the spread of communism. Marshall Plan was the European Recovery Program. It would create a stronger economic foundation. George C. Marshall was the man that set up this proposal. The US thought that if they didnt lend out aid to Europe than the Soviet Union would and then try to make them communists. North Atlantic Treaty Organization- If a country is attacked that is a member of NATO and another country attacks it the countries that are in NATO would go help out the country that got attacked. The Korean War was crucial for NATO because it raised the threat level greatly. NATO was the alliance of the United States, Canada, and Western Europe.
c. Both Berlin Crises-Berlin Blockade and Airlift was the first one. Berlin Wall was the second.
d. The Red Scare--McCarthyism and HUAC- He would attack the other candidates and say that he was a lot better than them. He said "Congress Needs a Tail-Gunner" The first Red Scare began after the Bolshevik Russian Revolution of 1917 and during WWII. It was from 1917-1920. A lot of people were innocent but put in jail because people were scared. It disappeared after 1920. Communists, Socialists, and Anarchists were the people that were targeted. The Second Red Scare was after World War II. It was around 1947-1957. The whole thing started because of the fear of communism. A lot of people were trialed. McCarthyism started at the end of World War II and at the start of the Cold War. It was called the McCarthy era. McCarthyism is known for the ridiculous trials. It destroyed a lot of people's lives. If the people said nothing they were guilty
e. Fidel Castro, Bay of Pigs and Missile Crisis-Soviet Union and Cuba governments were building missiles in Cuba and Fidel Castro was a main guy.
f. China-became communist
g. Nuclear Arms Race and Reductions-when the Soviet Union and United States built up nuclear weapons. The time period that this took place was from 1945-1970. The Manhattan project was the project that built atomic weapons. We feared the Germany was advancing there technology, It was led by Leslie Groves. The Potsdam Conference was when Stalin first found out that the United States was making atomic weapons. He got inside information from atomic spies like Klaus Fuchs and Theodore Hall. Stalin knew about the nuclear weapons before Truman because they were extremely secret. The Soviets had a lack of uranium which made it had to make bombs. The first Soviet bomb was dropped on August 29, 1949. It was called the Joe One. The United States detonated the first hydrogen bomb in November 1952.
h. How the Cold War ended.-Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan. It was one of the biggest reasons that the Cold War ended. The Soviets spent a lot of money to fight rebels that were in Afghanistan. The United States was even financing the rebels. It was Russia's Soviet Union. It was very hard to win because the rebels would use guerilla tactics. It was impossible to defeat the rebels because they would attack and then retreat into the hills
5. Students will understand the causes, effects and major events of the Korean Conflict.-North Korea wanted to make the country whole again by making the whole country under the control of communism, but South Korea along with the United States wanted to reunite the two countries under a democratic government.
6. Students will understand the causes, effects and major events of the Vietnam Conflict.-Vietnam was split in two just like Korea was. It was a French colony until 1950 when they defeated the French. All they wanted was independence. The United States started to get involved in 1960. The North invaded the South because they wanted to unite the country. North was Communist. The United States helped the South. The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution was when the US ships were attacked which gave us permission to invade Vietnam
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