Essentials for US History--Semester 2
7. Students will understand the causes and effects of the Great Depression.
Causes: stock market crash (stock holders lost billions), deflation of goods, demands throughout the country, unemployment, failure of banks, not insuring loans, buying on account, Smoot-Hawley Tariff that raised tax on imported goods which limited trade with the rest of the world (meant we had to buy and sell within the country where we had no money), economic downfalls in general
Effects: people lost self worth and committed suicide, the will to survive stayed with them the rest of their lives (saving money and not trusting banks), gave up dental and doctor visits or education, became closer with neighbors b/c they banded together
Loads of new legislature came out like the FDIC and the SEC. The New Deal (Relief, Recovery, Reform). The first new deal focused on groups and the seconds focused on individuals. There was the dust bowl down south, people started migrating to cities. Most people who lived during the Great Depression became really tight with their money afterwards and never really gained back trust in banking.
1. Students will understand the impact the Great Depression and New Deal had on the US.
-Great Depression left the country in devastation and ruins, people didn't know what to do with themselves, economy was shattered... partly what got us into WWII was to get us out of the deression
-People no longer trusted the banking system
-New Deals: The first one focused on groups such as businesses and the second focused on individuals. The primary purpse was Relief, Recovery, Reform. People thought we spent to much and also too little on this.
-The new deal helped the unemployed (social security act, public works admin.), farmers (AAA, farm security admin.), factory workers (NIRA, wagner act), young people (civilian conserv. corp, national youth admin.), banks/business (FDIC, emergency banking relief act), home owners (home owners loan corp, federal housing admin.), elderly (social security act and admin.), and native americans (indian reorgan. act). Priming the pump is when the gov't puts money in and hopefully citizens start spending.
-New Deal put money back into the ecomony to help it get back on its feet again (priming the pump)
2. Students will understand the causes, effects and major events of WWII.
Causes: Treaty Versailles left Germany with a bitter taste in its mouth (no land, minimized military, responsibilily for WWI), Hitler not liking anyone who was't Aryan, US got in to get out of the depression and get revenge on Japan and stop Germany and crazy Hitler.. the League of Nations couldn't help either b/c they had no military support
Effects: devastation of Pearl Harbor, millions of people dead from genocide by Hitler and the Nazis,Germany was divided into four zones between US, France, GB, and the Soviets. France and Great Brittain had all but been destroyed so the US and Soviet Union emerged as world powers. The United Nations ended up being formed.
Major Events:The war started with the invasion of Poland. There was the Battle of Britain. Japan bombed us at Pearl Harbor (December 7, 1941). We declared war on Japan. Doolittle's Raid bombed Tokyo. The Battle of Midway (turning point). Germany invaded USSR but was defeated. D-Day (invasion in France, June 6 1944). The Holocaust was going on during all this. Battle of the Bulge (German/Belgian border). The Yalta Conference with the big three which split Germany into four zones. VE day was March 8, 1945. Then of course there were the two atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. VJ day was August 14, 1945.
3. Students will understand how/why the Allies won WWII.
-help from the homefront (propaganda w/ Hollywood and women working)
-Hitler firing all his head people because they didn't agree with him
-atomic bomb-D Day
-Intelligence gathering, Ultra and Magic. U-Boat detection
-Island hopping
4. Students will understand the causes, effects and major events of the Cold War. (cold war came to an end)
Causes: Red Scare (fear of being communist), nuclear arms race, didn't get along in WWII, democracy and communism don't mix, global supremacy (Soviets wanted to take over the world)(communism)
*America had a democracy and the Soviet Union was communist..Americans feared a communist attack..Both countries feared the other's government
-Democracy-freedom..people have the power
-Communism-government controls everything and there's no freedom
-We had NATO and they had Warsaw Pact w/ eastern countries
Truman vs. Stalin:
-were allies during the war
-argued about power
-broke ties at the end of the war
-D-day delay
-Refused to join the United Nations
3 Power disagreement
-Stalin wanted an agreement from Germany that they wouldn't attack
-US wanted to help build Germany back up after the war
-US and Germany wanted to stop Communist control...didn't want it to spread any further
Effects:*
-Gorbachev worked with Reagan to take down nuclear missiles.
-Berlin Wall was being torn down
-Communist party was forced to resign after 73 years in the Soviet Union
-Soviet Union was officially dissolved
-US became superpower
Fall of Communism
-Workers were encouraged to speak out and also create their own business
-Congress of People's Deputies replaced the old parliament
-Reduced the amount of influence the Communist Party
-Gobachev tried to modernize the economy
-Iron Curtain grew extremely weak
-Perestroika and glasnost (openness and restructuring) led to communism collapsing in the USSR and Eastern Europe
- ended the Communist pwer in Russia by suspending and banning the Communist party and siezing their property
-Big symbol of the end of Communism
-Countries that broke free of Communism; Poland, Hungary, East Germany
-Cold War: politicial and idealogical struggle between the US and soviet union over idealogigy and political things
5. Students will understand the causes, effects and major events of the Korean Conflict.
-forgotten war (conflict)
-after WWII Korea was split into two (Soviets and US)
-back and forth back and forth
-Soviets invades south to make it united under communism
-Soviet pushes us down, US/united nations pushes back up to border between China and North Korea, China and Soviets push back again, we hold off (all battles take place on 30th
-Border is called DMZ (demilitarize zone)
-South Korea is flourishing and North struggling
-North focusses on weapons etc. all money goes to it
-North Korea admitted to having nuclear weapons
6. Students will understand the causes, effects and major events of the Vietnam Conflict.
-Between France, US, North/South Vietnam, and VietCong (communist).
-Starts with French Indo-China
-US goal was stop communism.. North Vietnamese goal was to become free
-French Ind0-China holds onto Vietnam even though they said that they could be free
-US steps into help b/c of policy of containment
-Escalation: going up.. then de-escalation
$ to France, Eisenhower-military advisors, JFK-more advisors & green berets, LBJ-gulf of tonkin resolution (Congress saying to Johnson do what you want declaring war etc. to stop communism), more troops, more combat troops,1968 turning point (536,000 troops) (year where war became unpopular) Tet offensive: first thing to take place--Tet is lunar new year--people think negative.. people had been told the war is almost over and government must have been lying to us b/c no one on their heels could be so offensive, worst attrocity. my Lai Massacre: raping, destroying bodies, from the US forces so when they got back they were looked down upon and hated b/c of this (baby killers and rapists) ANTI WAR, Napalm Attack--would spray it and it burned and it would get not only the soldiers but also the civilians also, war protesters, Nixon wins b/e he calls to end Vietnam war, keep pulling out troops, keeps pulling out troops, "Peace with Honor", All of Vietnam becomes communist
7. Students will understand why we went to war with Afghanistan (01) and why we went to war with Iraq (03)?
911-Alquita (Afghanistan) hijacked a plane and flew into twin towers.. Taliban was in charge of Afghanistan when 911 happened.. Set up democracy.. criticized Bush for focussing on Iraq war.. we found Osama Ben Ladin and killed him.. hoping to pull troops out this summer
Iraq-- Sadam Hussein supposedly have weapons of mass destruction (biological weapons, nuclear weapons etc) We never found WMD's... became unpopular.. democracy was put in place, Hussein was put to death by Iraqy government/country.. we pulled out troops now and only have military advisors now.. will Iraq be able to keep control--US had abu ghraib scandal and people from our country didn't like it (we did it to Alquita people to get information)
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