1. Students will understand the impact the Industrial Revolution had on the United States.The industrial revolution had many great impacts on the United Stated. It expanded the economy. The industrial revolution was when machines started to take over factories and people were much less needed to work. it had both positive effects and negative. Positive: products were produced much faster, and it changed how things were manufactured forever. Negative: many people lost their jobs so many people went into poverty and went hungry.2. Students will understand the impact immigration and urbanization had on the United States.Immigration started because people from other countries, including lots from Europe, some from Asia, and also some from Central America, came to the US. Some came because of disease, lack of jobs, or homes, and war in their countries. Others came because they heard America can make you wealthy and to find new jobs or homes or just a new start. The United States started overflowing, and many people lost jobs to the immigrants because the immigrants agreed to work for less money. Housing became scarce and many new diseases were brought over to the US.Urbanization began in the late 19th century. The cities began overflowing and housing was scarce. Some problems were: not alot of housing, transportation problems, polluted water supplies, poor sanitation, increased crime rate, and fire hazards. Safe drinking water became rare. Streets were unsafe and polluted. With all the sanitation problems, many diseases started and many people died. Those who did not have jobs were forced to live in the dirty streets and went starved.3. Students will understand the impact of the Progressive Era on the United States.The progressive era is a time in history where life for the common people improved. Worker's safety improved during this time along with other topics like women's rights.Before the progressive era, the work force was pretty brutal. Many people got injured or lost their life in the dangerous, unprotected machines that were in the factories. About 1200 people got injured or died out of about 10000 workers. The steel industry was one of the most dangerous industries to work in. Mines were also very dangerous too because there was always a risk of the roof of the mine collapsing and killing everyone in it. Miners also didn't have hard hats, but had a felt hat with a light on it. I don't think that that kind of hat protected anything but it provided light for the workers to know where they were going in the mines. Most of the time, workers would use oil lamps or candles to light their way through the tunnel. Then there was a risk of the lamp exploding or some thing catching on fire.Immigrants would take almost any job as long as it payed. After awile, there were more immigrants being injured or killed in the industries than white people. Most people thought that it was because the immigrants didn't know the english language and they would misunderstand their instructors.1899, Flaurence Kelley helped make the a group called the National Consumer's League. This group was made to acheive minimum wage and the number of working hours of women and children. Kelley was the first leader of the National Consumer's League. She would go around the United States and talk about the working conditions in the country. she recruited, to the cause, Frances Perkins, the woman who eventually became the country's first woman cabinet minister. Frances Perkins was also the woman that brought an end to child labor.Progressives thought that job safety and health was too important to remain just a responsibility of the employers. Germany became the first country to provide compensation to workers injured in the industries. Other countries quickly followed Germany. In America, the addition continued that workers had to sue their employers for compensation for injuries. It was hard under common laws to prove to a jury that it was the employer's fault, and the size of awards varied greatly. Eventually, juries became more sympathetic to the injured workers. The states eventually passed laws making it easier to prove an employer was at fault in an accident, the size and frequency of jury awards to workers increased. To avoid the possibly bad injury claims, many companies took out expensive employers' liability insurance. By the early 1900s, a couple states had passed workmen's compensation laws, but they either failed to survive court tests or were very limited in scope. In 1902, Maryland became the first state to pass a law providing accident compensation.4. Students will understand the impact imperialism had on the United States and world.Imperialism is the policy in which stronger nations extend their economic, political, or military power over weaker territories and took them over. By the 1800s, the leaders of America thought that we should join the imperialist powers of England and make colonies across the oceans. There was only one problem though, we had already extended the US' border to the Pacific Ocean. There were three problems that helped the new american imperialism. Desire for military streangth, want for new markets, and belief in cultural superiority.Alfred T. Mahan wanted to build up the military power in the US, so he pushed the government leaders to make the naval power more powerful in order to compete with the big nations. Later, United States built ninesteel ships between 1883 and 1890. That pushed us into the 3rd largest naval power.In the late 19th century, new technology builds had made the farmers and factories to produce more than what american citizens could use. The US now needed raw materials for productions and imperialists saw forgein trade to the solution of over production.To most people, imperialism is just another philosophy of Social Darwinism, or Survival of the Fittest. Because of this, we have aquired Alaska and Hawii.5. Students will understand the causes for US involvement in World War I and the effects it had on the United States.The assassination of Archdue Franz Ferdinand, The Sinking of the Lusitania. The country went into the Great depression after the war. Many died in battle.The US would never be the same again.6. Students will understand the political, social and economic changes that occurred in the 1920’s in the United States.---Political ChangesFordey McCumber Tariff raised taxes on us imports up to 60%. Teapot Dome Scandal set aside land for the US navy. It was a major scandal of the 1920s; it sold land for personal uses that was not to be sold. The KKK was a group that wanted complete Americanism. Nativism was a trend in the 1920's. Nativists were people that wanted only wanted the Americans there; they did not like people immigrating to the United States. In the 1920’s, they turned to trying to limit immigrants coming into the United States. They tried to keep all the immigrants from China and Asia out completely. They also tried to keep immigrants out because of the “Red Scare.” Russia had just become communists, and in the United States we had the Red Scare, because we were scared that we would become communists, so we tried to keep the communists out of our country. We went back to isolationism in the 1920s. We went back to normal. The Kellogg Brand pact was a pact signed by like sixty countries which outlawed wars, which was completely unrealistic. It was not successful. Daw’s Plan- we were going to give money to Germany so they could repay Great Britain and France in which they would pay us back in which we lost a lot of money. Anarchists were people that believed in no government. These two people were accused and put to death from the death of this one guy because of the Red Scare. We feared communists and other radical ideas such as anarchy we punished them so there were consequences such as putting them to death.---Economic ChangesFordey McCumber Tariff which raised tax rates on imports up to 60% which was the highest they had ever been in our history. There were a lot of strikes in the 1920s because the common person did not do as well. It helped American Businesses but hurt the consumer. The government still favored big businesses at that time. Because of the tariffs some countries could not sell any good here because they did not make any money. That high tariff was a huge mistake was one of the causes of the Great Depression. Daw’s Act. Daw’s Plan- we gave money to Germany, they gave to France and Great Britain and Great Britain and France paid us. Troubled Industries, basic industries stopped making profits. Automobile, Route 66, gave families more opportunities to go on vacation. Holland? Tunnel, NYC to New Jersey. Because of the automobile oil industries and other construction companies boomed also. Roads were made and gas stations were built. Herbert Hoover, big part in the Efficiency Movement? Hoover's and Coolidge had similar approaches towards the business government, "laissez-faire." Coolidge and Hoover believed in natural laws on how America had always worked, using the laws of Supply and Demand, that’s how they believed how it was supposed to work. When prices go down people buy more. Modern Advertising, people hired psychologists to see what would interest people within their advertisements. Airplanes were first created through mail service, trimotor airplane created by Henry Ford. Transatlantic Passenger Flights were created. There was a surplus in food because the farmers were used to making large amounts of food during the war, and after it not as much was needed so the price of food went down. At the time there were installment plans, which i think were like more of accounts payable, which when someone bought things such as like a house they could make small separate payments. Tax increases supporting education, the population of kids going to school increased so they needed more taxes to pay for like that supplies during the school. One of the main challenges of educating the kids was that most of the kids were immigrants and did not even speak English. Taxes went up because they had a lot of kids to educate. About the time of the great depression a lot of schools shut down because they did not have the tax money to pay for it. Coolidge favored government taxes. He wanted to keep interference of the government to a minimum. During the twenties we saw an expansion of infrastructure, there was a change in the architectures of homes. The economic changes we saw during the 1920s was the economy was better, businesses boomed, there was a huge economic boom but the foundation was not solid which was why there was the stock marked crash.---Social ChangesAutomobile industries, the airplane, standard of living. People were wanting more to move into the cities, the cities were not expanding fast enough so a lot of the cities were slums. In the cities there was a lot more things that people in the rural communities found morally wrong such as drinking as casual dating. Prohibition led to more crime rates and organized crimes, bootlegging and "speak easies." Speak easies" were places were small groups of people could secretly meet and drink and gamble. Bootleggers were people who made and distributed their own alcohol. Organized crimes were mainly done by the mob gangsters. Alco pone was one of the most popular gangsters, he was a mob leader of Chicago, he owned thousands of speak easies, and he was highly wanted. He was very good at covering his tracks and he was worth around 100 million dollars. At the time dating was not viewed as morally correct. Dating was only considered okay if you planned on getting married. Fundamentalism was started by Protestants who were against anything that was not taught in the bible. They viewed that everything that was taught in the bible was correct and that was all you needed to know. The theory of evolutionism was created and the Protestants tweaked so they made Creationism. Creationists were completely against evolution, they thought that it was a slap in the face to the Bible and to God. They even had movements to try to get the teaching of the theory out of schools. Teachers who taught about evolution were to be arrested. The trial went national right away. He was found guilty right away, and this upset many people. He was only charged $100. The radio changed many families and pretty much the nation. The radio gave people greater access to the world and current events. They learned things a lot faster than from the newspapers or orally. Sports were put on the radio, such as baseball and boxing. 1927, the fight of the century between Jack Tempsy and Gene Tuney (winner) It was so suspenseful that many people were said to have died from heart failure during the match. By the end of the twenties most people had a radio. People would gather around the radio and listen, the same concept of how we watch tv today. During this time King Kong attacked New York City. School attendance when up from one million to four million from 1914-1926. The government was really trying to push people to attend school more. We were already the top nation and people believed we needed to stay that way. A lot more classes were offered. Teachers adapted how they taught because at the time a lot of immigrants came that could not speak English so they had to teach simple English. The literacy rate rose because of this. The culture was expanded from the media, many small newspaper companies went out of business because they would not keep up with the larger newspaper businesses. Charles Lindberg is famour for being the first person to fly across the Atlantic. There was a reward of 25 thousand dollars for anyone who could fly across the Atlantic so he took up the challenge. The flight lasted about 33 hours.7. Students will understand the causes and effects of the Great Depression.--- Cause; alot of farmers going into debt and moving the the cities. throughout the 1920, there was very wealthy. People began using credit. it hurts banks and bussinesses because people stop buying stuff because they already have it and then they don't pay their credit. The amount of cost that the things cost decreased and the worker's wages stayed the same. If the bussinesses are keeping their profit and not really paying their workers. they didn't pass their money on and their workers didn't have enough money to pay for the things that they needed. When the bussinesses started running out of money, they would get rid of their workers. Raising the tax on imported goods. in the 1930 people would go to the banks and take all of the money that they had in it because of the depression. the banks would then go out of business and start riots type things. World trade was cut considerably. Black Tuesday; unequal distribution of wealth... the rich of the rich were controlling all of the money. People who borrowed money would buy high price stocks and go into debt because they couldn't pay anything else.--- effect; Banks closing because people with drawing money. Alot of people lost jobs, homes 25% of whites, 50% minority. People would wrap themselfs in newpaper to stay warm, Hoover blankets. also, they would live in sewers and other places because they had nowhere elso to stay. People begging for food. Time that bread line was started. people would stand in line and wait for food orgonized by orgonizations. People move west because people lost their farms some fo problom because of drought. Hobos would ride from city to city to look for jobs. Suicide rate went up. Children malnurished. Schools closing
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