Mr. Bruns is explaining the test and going over the information we need to know. Mr.Bruns is now doing his PowerPoint thing and we are adding to our notes if there is anything we dont have.
Treaty of Versailles
-know what it specifically did and how it helped lead to WWII
a treaty to end WWI, created new land by splitting up Europe ( mainly Germany and Soviet Union) for different ethnic groups and they wanted their independence. Stalin and Hitler wanted to take back the land they had lost in this treated which lead to WWII. Germany started taking back land that had German people in it and other countries let it go because they didn't want to start war. The countries that were created in this treated, basically started WWII b/c Germany and Soviet Union wanted their land back. Treaty took a lot of land from Germany to France, Belgium, Denmark, Poland, and Czechoslovakia which eventually made Germany invade them.The League of Nations took control of Germany's overseas colonies. Germany's army was reduced by 100,000 men and they weren't allowed to use tanks or airforce. Allowed to only have 6 capital naval ships, and no submarines; weren't allowed in areas west of the Rhineland and east of the River Rhine. Germany had to pay $33 billion from WWI, and they wouldn't gain anything from the land that they had gotten. Their money was basically worthless. Germany was also forbidden to unite with Austria to form one superstate. "War Guilt Clause" made Germany admit full responsibility for starting the war and pay the $33 billion.
***Military.
*Germanys army reduced to 100,000 men. NO TANKS
*Germany not allowed airforce.
***Financial.
*The loss of vital territory would be a severe blow to germanys economy.
*Combined with the financial penalties linked to reparations($33 billion)
*Seemed to germans that allies were bankrupting them.
***General
*Germany had to admit full responsibility for starting the was. "clause 231" War guilt clause
*A League of Nations was set up to keep world peace.
II. League of Nations
-define and explain it's weaknesses
*It was a peace keeping organization.
*Woodrow wilsons final and main plan in the 14 points to get us out of war.
* group of countries that promoted peace and would help countries solve problems amongst each other.
***Weaknesses
* The U.S not being in it.
-Why didn't the US join
*They felt it would pull us into war.
*U.S was more isolationist and didnt want to get involved with european conflicts.
*They didnt have their own military.
*For anything to happen they required a unanimous vote.
*U.S didn't join because the Senate thought we would be pulled into wars all the time trying to fix other countries problems.
III. Know the basics about the following countries:
-How did WWI/Treaty of Versailles impact this country
-How did this country change in the 1920's/1930's(includes leader coming to power and their goals).
-What was/were this countries military strategies in the 1920's and 1930's.
-How was this country involved on WWII(what alliance did they belong to, how were they involved within the war)
Germany-
Treaty of Versailles: More info above! Most impacted country.
Government: Parliamentry republic. Hitler was the appointed as the Chancler to get germany back on their feet. He Got rid of the democracy and made himself the leader.
***Weimer republic or democracy. It was the first time germany had ever had a democracy.
***Blamed the Weimer Republic for casting all the problems.
Italy
■Italy was an ally of the U.S. in World War I
■They were angry because they did not get all the land they were promised
■Had a constitutional monarchy at first with King Emmanuel
■Benito Mussolini worked his way up through the military and the king helped him develop his own government
■Part of the Facist party
■Basically a dictatorship where everything you do should benefit your country
■Italy was very weak militarily
■The king asked Mussolini to become the leader because he knew he would not allow communism
■Mussolini gave army jobs, stregthened the military/economy, and kept out communists
■Mussolini got a big head and wanted to dominate the mediteranean area and as much of Africa as possible
Soviet Union
■Treaty of versilles didnt effect them a whole lot.
■Joseph Stalin took over for Vladmir Lenin
■Started becoming a dictator and pushed for industry, telling farmers how to plant their crops.
■Nationalization-industry
■government too over businesses and industries in the Soviet Union
■Collectivization- Farms
■goverment took over farms
■took them from farmers and told them they worked for the Soviet Union
■many farmers fought back.
■******Stalin was building tanks and guns before food so people were dying of starvation.
■Had a red army.
■Stalin was NOT ready for german army.
■Their military was strong but their people were suffering
■Killed any opponents too
■More people died under his reign than under Hitler's
■His goal was to improve the economy's output
■Military strategy: had red army
■Stalin was not ready for the German army
■Destroyed everything during their retreat so that Germany could not use anything
■Allies with Germany at first in the Soviet-German non-Agression pact where they agreed not to fight
■Soviets invaded Poland and did a bad job and Germany invaded them
■Then throughout most of the war they were allies with Great Britain, France, and the U.S.
■Winston Churchill said we should be more concerned with the Soviets than Germany
■Soviets had the highest number of causualties in WWII
Japan
-Received German teritory, many islands
-Had an emperor, Emperor Hirohito
-Hideki Tojo was the leader of the military
-Hirohito approved the attacking of Pearl Harbor
-They couldn't trade with anyone because of high tariffs, and they wanted natural resources/imports
-Invaded Mancuria, Northern part of China, to get their resources
-Invaded the rest of China in 1937 to dominate Southeast Asia and be the dominant power
-Military had too much power and didn't listen to Hirohito
-Everything in Japan was pretty much destroyed because the United States was bombing them every day with the two atomic bombs and conventional bombs (basic bombs, non-atomic)
-Japan didn't want to invade the United States because they didn't think it would be easy
-We weren't trading oil with them, and they really wanted us to
-United States said Japan had to back out of China before oil would be traded with them again, but Japan didn't want to so they decided to bomb Pearl Harbor
-Japan didn't want us to get into the war so they bombed us, because they thought they were wiping out our whole Navy
-Many negative feelings came out after the Treaty of Versailles. They felt they deserved a place among the world powers but were being treated like a second-class nation
-Admiral Yamamoto was educated in the United States but said if they wanted to beat us they had to take out the Pacific fleet
-In the 1920s Japan did everything they could to make it look like they were close allies
-When the great depression hit the military came to power and said if they can't trade anymore they will invade instead
-Japan was practally demolished, but the United States helped rebuild it to stop the spread of Communism
Great Britain
■Treaty gave them german colonies in africa.
■They got alot of money from Germany
■Part of the Allied Powers
■They were getting bombed every night throughout the war
■Lost some of its great powers and its empire fell apart.
■Winston Churchill was the Prime Minister
■told his people to keep fighting and never give up
France
■Treaty of Versailles gave them land back from Germany.
■They got colonies in Africa
■Got alot of war reparations (money)
■The leader was Charles DeGall he was the leader of the free french underground.
■They were very happy about the german army being diminished
■Marshal Henri Petain led the Vichy Government
■Got demolished by German Bliskkreg
■took a defensive military strategie
■Goals were, promote industrial growth, give algeria independence, and to keep germany weak and prevent war from happening.
■Built i giant fortification system to keep Germany from invading
■It didnt work.
■Allied Powers
■Alot of France was hit hard
China
■They didnt sign the treaty
■Chaing Kai Shek
■He was the leader of the nationist party
■Mao Zedong
■he is communist
-Japan invaded China and China suffered a lot but did not surrender
-Thousands of people were killed by Japanese soldiers and women were raped by them
US
Treaty didn't affect us alot because even though we helped plan it, we didn't pass it because we didn't like the League of Nations. FDR and Harry Truman when he died. FDR before war had the New Deal plans; goals in war- help Allis and U.S. get out of war, during war our economy wasn't very good, but helped us get out of the depression, end of war our economy was good. wanted to defeat Germany, Japan. Military strategy was isolation and treaty to outlaw war, and Neutrallity pact to keep us out of the war. Used the draft and volunteers to fill the needs of our military. Role- got involved when Japan bombed Pearl Habor, but eventually got involved with other countries other than Japan like Germany. Made supplies to help the Alli powers. Impact- overall helped our economy like giving people jobs, got us out of depression, lost many people, became World Super Power, led to the Cold War about stopping Communism with Soviet Union.
Canada
*It didnt impact them a whole lot.
*Canada was a british colony and moved towards independance slowly
*Government wasnt the best but it got better as time went on
*William McKenzie King was the leader
*Came to power by politics
*Canadian Air force and navy were very significant
*Ground Troops were a part of the DDay events
*They didnt have the numbers like other countries
*Food and war good production was significant.
Australia
*Me and Ally did our discussion today!
IV. Hitler's Treatment of the Jews
V. Munich Conference-Policy of Appeasement
VI. US Role in the 1920's/1930's
-Washington Naval Conference
-Kellog-Briand Pact
-Neutrality Acts throughout the 1930's
-Quarantine Speech
-Bases for Destroyers
-Lend-Lease Act
VII. Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact
VIII. Outbreak of War--Blitzkrieg!!
-Japan and China
-Germany and Poland
-Germany and France
-Germany and Great Britain
-Germany and the Soviet Union
IX. Pearl Harbor
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