We went over key terms
8th-we went over notes
9th- Blog discussion
Key Topics:
Driving Idea: Describe US Foreign Policy in the late 1800's and early 1900's and be able to give examples.
*Old vs. New Diplomacy-1783-late 1800s.
Non interventionist-The US did not intervene in foreign affairs, especially Europe's.
Isolationist- The US acted alone in foreign affairs as compared to working with other nations.
Passive and reactive- The US waited for events to occur and then acted accordingly. Weak army and navy. New diplomacy late 1800s-1900s-Imperialistic going out and conquering territory to create and empire, stronger army and nave, interventionist, became more involved in other countries affairs.
Monroe Doctrine-In October 1823, President Monroe was concerned about Spain reclaiming sovereignty in the Western Hemisphere. He asked former presidents Jefferson and Madison for advice. They told Monroe to join forces with Britain. However, Monroe's secretary of state, John Quincy Adams (who would later succeed Monroe as president), had another idea. Adams thought the United States should go it alone. Strong nationalism
*Main powers in the late 1800's
US purchase of Alaska - The secretary of star William Seward wanted to purchase Alaska, house of reps didn't want to cause it was cold
US taking of Hawaii - Queen Liluokalani- Last queen of Hawaii 1893-Wanted it for sugarcane. Queen decide to change the constitution to make sure she would get rid of the that European influence. Started conspiracy (Americans and Europeans). Queen L wanted more of the Natives to have the power, Queen surrendered and gave up power. Became state in 1959
Spanish-American War-By 1900, Spain was a dwindling empire, Th US had been interested in Cuba for a long time.
-Causes -US noticed the ten years war. General Valeriano Weyler sent to Cuba to stop the violence. Sinking of the USS Maine, one of the reasons war started. Enrique Dupay de lome wrote a letter that was intercepted by yellow press, it insulted President Mckinley
-battles/famous people involved -The battle of San Juan hill, the battle of Santiago. We won bother battles
Rough Riders-TR put this group together, handpicked them to go to San Juan.
-Results/Treaty - Lasting 10 weeks gain cuban independence . Brought an official end to the war, spain gave cuba ind (kind of)
US Control of Puerto Rico - Claimed by the Spanish Crown in 1493 following Columbus second voyage to the Americas, In 1898 after 400 years of colonnial rule, puerto rico was ceded to the US as a reslut of the Spanish American War.
US Control of Cuba - Trade became big, people wanted independence thus Spanish American war. Plaid Amendment in 1898 Spain gave control of Cuba to the US with the treaty of Paris, in 1902 the US granted Cuba its independence as promised with the teller amendment, the US retained the right to intervene to preserve Cuban independence and stability with the Platt Amendment, the us got control of Guantanamo Bay as well, a naval base we still have control, of today, in 1934 the Platt amendment was repealed
US Control of Philippines -Philippines revolution start was battle of manila, America vs Philippines. 3 yr war. Anti imperialist league tried to stop us from taking Philippines. America wanted to Americanize the Philippines> Emilio Aguinaldo declared Philippines independence from Spain on June 12th 1898. After the Spanish-American War, the US took over. The Philippine-American War broke out after the Filipinos realized that the US would not give them independence, It ended with American control over the islands. 12000-2000 Filipinos soldiers dead 2000-1.5 million Filipino civilians died some contend US committed genocide. 4165 american soldiers dead. In 1935 the Philippines was granted commonwealth status, plans for teh independence over the next decade were interrupted by world war II when the Japanese invaded and took them over, allied troops defeated the Japanese in 1945
Open Door Policy in China -Pres McKinley wanted "open door" for trading. All of the countries agreed to have free trade with China
Boxer Rebellion in China - Boxers- Chinese people, European nickname. Trying to fix everything and get their rights from European powers
Teddy Roosevelt's Nobel Peace Prize - ended the Russo-Japanese war in 1905. Won the Novel peace prize for his efforts, panama Canal, Roosevelt Corollary
Getting control and building Panama Canal -Death, 25,000 deaths. Yellow fever, malaria, landslides, plagues spread by mosquitoes tropical diseases. Cost, 375 million. As they were building, building on volcanic soil really hard to do. biggest engineering feat in our history
Roosevelt Corollary and Monroe Doctrine -Staying out of the Americas
Big Stick Diplomacy--"Speak softly and carry a big stick" -If you do this we will act on it. Big stick represent our military power
Taft's Dollar Diplomacy - The U.S. would pay off debts of countries in Central and Latin America to Europe to keep Europeans out. Using the US government to guarantee loans to foreign countries by US banks and businesses, Economic imperialism, US banks were in control of many businesses in Latin America, US said it was needed to keep European powers out of Latin America, "Substituting dollars for bullets"
Wilson's Missionary Diplomacy - Wilson's ethical and religious beliefs also influenced his foreign policy, Practiced :missionary diplomacy", US would not recognize any government that was oppressive, undemocratic and hostile toward the US, Used extensively in Latin America.
US issues with Mexico - Mexican government was overthrown by General Victoriano Huerta in 1913, Wilson refused to recognize "a government of butchers". US took over he Mexican port of Veracruz after huerta arrested some Americans sailors, war was extremely close until Argentina, Brazil and Chile stepped in and tried to settle the conflict Huerta rejected the plan but his government collapse shortly there after, Venustiano Carranza became pres, Wilson recognized his government. Pancho Villa-Mexican expedition 1916-17. Villa was pro-American at first but soon changed after pres Carranza asked US to control Mexican mines. Killed dozen of US citizens on two different occasions , Pres Wilson ordered General John Pershing and 15000 troops to go int o Mexico and capture Villa, eventually, the Mexican Army clashed with pershings forces, by 1917 both sides backed down (WWI)
Comments