Key Topics:
Driving Idea: Describe US Foreign Policy in the late 1800's and early 1900's and be able to give examples.
*Old vs. New Diplomacy -
Old Diplomacy
Noninterventionist - The US did not intervene in foreign affairs, especially Europe's wars. Isolationist - The US acted alone in foreign affairs as compared to working with other nations. Passive and Reactive - The US waited for events to occur and acted accordingly. Weak army and Navy - George Washington's advice was to stay out of Europe affairs. We had oceans that helped us.
New Diplomacy
Imperialistic - Conquering and building empires. Stronger Navy and Army. Interventionist - Especially in Central and South America. Strong Nationalism - Having pride and confidence in ones country.
*Main powers in the late 1800's
US purchase of Alaska - known as Seward's icebox. He wanted it because of gold and oil. They bought it for 2 cents an acre at 7.2 million.
US taking of Hawaii - The US decided to take Hawaii, there was missionary work there and america also wanted it for the sugar. The former Queen Liliuokalani, she wanted Hawaii to be for Hawaiian and get rid of the monarchs and people who had too much power. Alaska and Hawaii were made into states in 1959.
Spanish-American War- From 1868-1895. The US was interested in Cuba and even tried to by it in 1854.
-Causes - The Cubans were "out of control"
-battles/famous people involved - General Valeriano Weyler, William Randolph Hearst. The Maine explosion. Jose Marti - He wanted freedom for Cuba. Enrique Dupay de Lome. John Hay - He called it a "Splendid Little War" It was a short, inexpensive war, few deaths, we won, and America became an empire. Battles of San Juan Hill.
-Results/Treaty - Around three months to figure out a treaty. Teller Amendment - Imperialists vs anti-imperialists in US. They would not take cuba and they could gain independence.
US Control of Puerto Rico - Gained control by america because of the Treaty of Paris. Puerto Rico - October 18, 1898. 1 million people live there. Granted the US citizens
US Control of Cuba - Treat of Paris gave Cuba independence. Cuba - In 1898, Spain gave the us control of Cuba with the treaty of Paris The Platt Amendment stated that american had the right to intervene to to keep Cuba's independence. The US has control still of Guantanamo Bay and a navy base. In 1934, the Platt amendment was revoked.
US Control of Philippines - Bought for 20 million and gained control by america because of the Treaty of Paris.
Open Door Policy in China - Free trading in china. in the late 1800's it was looking like china would have been separated like Africa once was. China didn't want that, then american gave them the free trading idea.
Boxer Rebellion in China - Chinese. The Europeans gave some people that name because they would "fight off" the European powers. The boxer's killed lots of people
Teddy Roosevelt's Nobel Peace Prize - First president and first american. He gave the money to congress, but they never used it, so he made them give it back and gave it to help war funds.
Getting control and building Panama Canal -
Roosevelt Corollary and Monroe Doctrine -
Big Stick Diplomacy--"Speak softly and carry a big stick" - It is like scaring someone one into doing things, with a threat that you don't take out.
Taft's Dollar Diplomacy - The US would pay off the debts to keep Europe out of Latin America. Substituting Dollars for Bullets.
Wilson's Missionary Diplomacy -We didn't recognize that country, since we didn't like their government.
US issues with Mexico -Refused to recognize the Mexican government "government of butchers" When the government collapsed we finally recognized them as a government.
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