Monday-
Third Punic War-(149-146 BC)
- Rome went on the offensive and laid siege to Carthage
- The Romans burned the city and 50,000 people were sold into slavery
- With Carthage out of the picture, Rome would continue it's conquests in the upcoming decades
The Roman Republic Falls part
- Why?
- Growing gap between rich and poor-income inequality
- as Rome took over areas, it took in slaves as well
- By 100 BC, slaves made up 33% of Romes population
- Small farmers couldn't compete with the rich landowners and had to sell land leaving them homeless-many became soldiers
- Two tribunes, Tiberius and Gaius, were murdered, after pushing for giving land to the poor
- Growing gap between rich and poor-income inequality
Cause | Effect |
Rapid expansion of the roman empire | Difficult to govern with a republican form of gov’t |
Greedy, dishonest leaders | The poor felt no loyalty to the roman government who was keeping them poor |
The poor felt no loyalty to the Roman government who was keeping them poor | Conflicts between rich and poor people grow |
Professional soldiers who were poor citizens and only made money if they won a battle | Soldiers only loyal to the generals who paid them |
Power hungry generals (Caesar) fight one another for control of government | Caesar’s rivals fear he is becoming too powerful and declare him a public enemy |
Caesar crosses the rubicon river and brings his army with him to Rome | Civil war breaks out for three years |
Caesar defeats Pompey and declares himself dictator | This ends the Republican system of government in Rome |
Tuesday-Julius Caesar-ruled (49-44 BC)
- Gaius Julius Caesar's Resume
- grew up in a patrician family
- father died when he was 16
- became the high Priest of Jupiter
- Married Cornelia in 84 BC
- Civil War in Rome and the person Caesar backed lost(discuss issue with marriage)
- due to this, Caesar joined the military to hide from Sulla, the new dictator
- fought in Asia and Cilicia
- After Sulla's death, Caesar returned to Rome and went into politics
- During his travels, was captured by pirates
- Became Governor of Spain, a Roman province in 61-60 BC
- In 60 BC Julius Caesar joined forces with Crassus, a wealthy Roman, and Pompey, a popular general
- with their help, Caesar was elected consul in 59 BC
- For the next ten years, these three men dominated Rome as a triumvirate, a group of three rulers
- was known as the first triumvirate
- After being Consul for one year, became Governor of Gaul(France and Belgium) from 58-50 BC
- Caesar's power and popularity concerned Crassus and Pompey back in Rome
How do you think the First Triumvirate will do?-goes bad because everyone wants power
First Triumvirate falls apart
- Crassus was killed in a battle in Syria so he was out of the icture
- Pompey became jealous of Caesar's power and popularity so the Senate ordered Caesar to disband military and return to Rome
- Caesar refused and instead crossed the Rubicon River in 49 BC and attacked Pompey's troops
- by 46 BC, Pompey was dead and his troops defeated
- Caesar returned to Rome with support from the people and the military and became dictator 46 BC
- in 44 BC Caesar was named dictator for life
Caesar as dictator
- served just a year before he was assassinated
- Granted Roman citizenship to many people in the provinces
- expanded the senate, adding friends and supporters from Italy and other regions
- helped the poor by creating jobs, especially through the construction of new public buildings
- started colonies where people without land could own property
- increased pay for soldiers
- reformed the Roman calendar
Julian vs Gregorian Calendar
- the julian calendar was the calendar from 46 BCE to 1582 CE when the Gergorian Calendar took its place
- The Gregorian calendar was introduced named named after pope gregory the 13th in 1582 and is still used today
- The difference in the average length of the year between julian(365.25 days) and gregorian(365.2425 days) is 0.002%
Wednesday-videos
Thursday-
Friday- no school
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