10/21
Mr. Bruns talked about college.
10/22
All Roads lead to Rome-
Milliarium Aureum- “Golden Milestone” - It was a marble or gilded bronze statue erected by Caesar Augustus in 20 BC and all distances were based off of their distance from this stone.
Story of Romulus and Remus- A king didn't want his niece to have children that could overthrow him so he banished his niece (Raya), who got pregnant anyway, and then ordered servants to kill the boys but the person didn't want to so he left them by a river and a she wolf found them and raised them.
Romulus was the first King of Rome
He was unhappy with the number of people and lack of women so he held a festival inviting people from other kingdoms and this led to the “Rape of the Sabine Women” (kidnapping). This led to war between the Romans and Sabines. The Wives and daughters of both sides stepped in and asked for peice so their lovers and relatives would not die.
Romulus was known as a murderer (of his brother) and a kidnapper.
Vestal Virgins- Priestesses in change of maintaining their purity and worth and also maintaining a sacred flame that represented Rome's future.
Why was Italy’s geography important? - It had farmland, mountains for protection, it was in the middle of multiple continents and supplied lots of trade.
10/23
The first Romans- The Greeks- Established colonies in Italy and SIcily and brought Greek ideas to Italy. The Etruscans- Came from north Italy with skilled metal workers and engineers, they introduced the Arch (architecture)
What is a Republic- A government run by people through elected representitives. Republic Repressentitive Democracy vs. Direct Democracy. Pure- The population as a whole holds the power while- Rebublic- Individual citizens hold power. Pure- Majority rules democracy. Republic- Laws made by elected reresentitives of the people.
The Early Republic- Etruscans helped Rome grow into a large city. Under the Etruscans, Rome was ruled by a king until 509 BC.
The Roman Republic- Women not citizens. King Tarquin was overthrown and a republic was put into place. Roman citizens- All males over 15 who were descended from the origional tribes of Rome. Citizens wore togas- non citizens did not. Citizens could vote and marry free women and buy and sell things. Slaves freed by their owners can become citizens.
Patricians and Plebians- Patricians- Upper class (10%) Wealthy land owners. Controlled valuble land and held key military and religious offices. Plebians- Lower class (90%) Laborers, artisans, peasants, shop keepers, shoekeepers. Very few privilages but they could vote. Paid most of the taxes and served in the army.
Plebians wanted more rights so they striked, and since there were more of them in the population, they got more rights from the Patricians.
Roman Republic - government - Consuls were chosen - one by plebians one by patricians. Then the Plebians chose tribunes (10) and Senators were chosen half by plebians half by patricians (300).
In times of crises, they chose a dictator- they had absolute power for about 6 months, or however long they needed to be. Every dictator in history agreed to step down.
10/24
Master of the Horse- selected by the dictator as the head of the calvary. He was the second in command and when the dictator stepped down so would he.
The Twelve Tables- in 451 BCE, some officials started to write down some of Rome's Laws onto tablets. These became the twelve tables that outlines Romes laws. These Tables dealt with procedure for trials, rights of fathers / family issues, inherritance, land rights, laws of injury, debts, etc. Ex: Women shall remain in gaurdianship even when they reach maturity. You can gather fruit falling down on another man's farm. If a man sings a song to someone in a slanderous wa, he shall be clubbed to death. Quickly kill a dreadfully dformed child. If a father surrenders his son three times, he is free. If someone maimed anothers limb, let their be retaliatian in kind, unless he agrees to make compensation with him. Marriage cannot take place between classes.
The Roman Republic- The Military - Important part of making Rome into a major power. All citizens who owned land were required to serve in the military. Legions are composed of Cohorts and Cohorts were composed of centries.
Weapons of War- Gladius (sword). Pilum (Spear). Roman Armor and Sheild
10/25
Watched video
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