10/14
Rise of Philosophers
A philosopher is someone who tries to explain the nature of life. The main three were Plato, Socrates, and Aristotle. Greek Philosophers cover a wide variety of topics such as logic, political philosophy, biology, etc. What did philoophers do? What was their importance?
Socrates- A philosopher of Ancient Greece. He taught by asking questions (Socratic method). This is asking question after question to help people learn through reasoning and logic until a conclusion is found. He was eventually put to death for corrupting the youth of Athens.
Plato- Was a student of Socrates. Started a school called The Acadamy and wrote a book called The Republic. The book talks about a perfectly governed society (not a democracy) where all citizens would fall naturally into three groups- Farmers/artisans, warriors, and the ruling class. Does not beleive that the monarch should be a blood reletive but rather due to teh greatest intellect. The smartest would be the leader / king, not the richest.
Aristotle- Student of Plato. Wrote a lot about science, art, law, poetry, and government. He taught Alexander the Great.
Alexander the Great ruled from Greece, trough Persia, and almost to India.
Macedonians- Lived in mountainous villages, not city-states. They considered themselves to be Greeks but were looked down upon by bigger city states. Phillip the II built up the military and eventually attacked and invaded and defeated the Greek city-states.
King Phillip II of Macedon- Philip was assassinated by Pausanias at Phillips' Daughter's wedding. There were two pausanias' that both fell in love with King Phillip. King Phillip falls for Pausanias 2 and rapes Pausanias 1. This guy Attalus (Uncle of phillips wife) and Phillip does not back him up. So Pausanias gets mad and kills phillip. Another theory is that Pausanias kills phillip under phillip's son's orders. His son was worried he wouldnt become the next heir even though he was the eldest.
Alexander took over afte rthe death of his father, Phillip. He ruled Greece and it's empire for 13 years. He was taught by Aristotle and was undefeated in battle, giving him the name Alexander the Great.
Alexander took over Greece and then turned East and took over the Persian empire. Darius, Persia's leader, continued to lose battles to Alexander and fled and retreated. He left behind his family behind and his mother disowned him and adopted Alexander. Darius tried to give them some land and call it good but Alexander refused and took over all of Persia. Alexander moved to Egypt and "liberated" Egypt from Persians. The Egyptians loved him and praised him and made him pharoah. After conquering Egypt he moved to Mesopotamia and finished the job of defeating Darius the III and the Persians. SOmeone else killed Darius though, and he was engraged and hunted down his killer to kill him too. He really wanted to be the one to kill Darius. He burned down the Persian capitol as revenger for burning down Athens.
10/15
Alexander the Great's Legacy- Greek Empire split into three sections(map next slide). Greek city-states led by Antigonus. Egypt led by Ptolemy. Former Persian Empire ruled by Seleucus. Leaders all ruled with absolute power. Cultural diffusion between east and west.
Ancient Greece-
What is the purpose of Mythology- How did everything start? (First there was chaos and out of chaos came Gaea and Uranus.- These created heaven and earth and all the other gods)
Know Greece's Geography and the impact of it. (Slides 24-39)
Talk about the Greek Olypics
Trojan War - (Know about it because of Homer. Queen was taken by the trojans)
Types of Government in City-States?
Athens vs. Sparta - Compare and Contrast -
Know the Persian Wars (Greco-Persian) (15 point Question!!!) - Who won, who fought, why did they win, how did it start, how did it end, etc. (started with a revolt, asked for Athens help, Athens agreed, Persia was mad, Darius was furious and vowed to burn Athens, Cue the war. Persian advantages- Size and resources. They were good archers. Greeks advantages- better stratagies and military and armor and longer spears and the Phalyx stratagy. The battle of Platea was the end.)
-Know... Marathon, Thermopoly, Naval battle of Salami, Battle of Platea
Battles
The Peace Treaty? (Maybe it happened maybe not, you dont need to go into detail)
Dont need to know Pericles 3 goals.
Acting- Comedy and Tragedy, Philosophy, History, Arcitecture, art - Know how Greece impacted these topics
Know about the Peloponisian War- Know three stages, Who fought it, Who won, Strategies, Why they won, What happened after, etc. (Slides 16-28)
Reveiw Alexander the Great
Compare and Contrast Sparta and Athens
Wednesday test has 7 questions
Thursday test has 5 questions (Can not retake)
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