Monday- had a work day on our family history projects
Tuesday-
took notes
Machine Organizations
- local precinct workers and captains at the base
- ward bosses in the middle
- city boss at top
Government Corruption
- Kickback system- over charge tax payers
- Granting favors to big businesses- giving money to the rich
- Spoils system/patronage- put into government jobs whoever you want
- Political boss hired/fired police
Boss William Marcy Tweed
- boss of the Democratic political machine in New York City
- building he worked in was Tammany Hall
- wants money
- stealing money from immigrants through taxing
- would buy peoples votes
- doesn't care about law, justice, people
- cares about making himself rich
Reforming Government
- Pendleton Civil Service Act- 1883
- required most government jobs to be given through a test
- 1883: 14,000/17,000 gov't jobs required tests
- 1900: 100,000/200,000 gov't jobs required tests
Presidents
- Ulysses S. Grant
- 1869-1877
- Status Quo- Republican
- 18th president
- Rutherford B. Hayes
- 1877-1881
- Reform- Republican
- 19th president
- James Garfield
- 1881
- Reform- Republican
- 20th president
- born into poverty
- college president by age 26
- Chester Arthur
- 1881-1885
- Reform- Republican
- 21st president
- Grover Cleveland
- 1885-1889
- 1893-1897
- Reform- Democrat
- 22nd and 24th presidents
- Benjamin Harrison
- 1889-1993
- Reform- Republican
- 23rd president
- William McKinley
- 1867-1901
- Status Quo- Republican
- 25th president
Wednesday-
continued with more notes.
Advances and Technologies
- skyscrapers
- Flatiron Building- 1902
- Electric Streetcars
- Subways- 1904
- Cash Register- 1879
- Automatic Dishwasher- 1889
- Airplane- 1903
- Kodak Camera- 1888
- Automobile- late 1800's
- Light Bulb- 1879
- Telephone- 1876
- Typewriter- 1867
- Radio- 1895
- Toilet Paper- 1857
Expanding Public Education
- before mid 1800's, education was for the wealthy
- most states had public schools by 1865
- many school-aged children still received no formal education- worked in factories
- between 1865-1895, states passed laws requiring 12-16 weeks annually of school
- classes focused on the "3 R's" - reading, "riting", and "rithmetic"
- memorization and recitations was very common
Thursday-
How is our school system set up like a factory during the Industrial Revolution?
- bells
- assembly line
- tested, if pass, move on
- "one size fits all"
African American and Immigrant EDU
- AA were excluded from public schools
Religion in School
- public schools had mandatory readings from the Protestant Bible
- Many Catholic families were concerned
- Catholic communities set up parochial schools to give their children religious education
Higher Education
- 1880-1920, college enrollments quadrupled
- HS diploma and entrance exams were used in admittance purposes
- Morrill Act- 1862
- Iowa State- 1858
- Drake- 1881
- Iowa- 1847
- UNI- 1876
Segregation
- Literacy test- designed to keep blacks from fighting
- Poll tax- designed to keep blacks from fighting
- Grandfather Clause (1-1-1867)- if your grandfather could vote prior to this date, you could vote
- Jim Crow laws- blacks had to sit in the back of the bus, drink at different water fountains, etc.
- Plessy v Ferguson- 1896- established segregation
- "Separate but Equal"
- Separate and unequal in reality
- Lynching and violence-
Entertainment
- amusement parks
- circuses
- vaudeville shows
- minstrel shows
- parks
- basketball
Friday-
Basketball
- first game was in 1862
Baseball
- invented by Abner Doubleday in 1839
- MLB became big in late 1800's
Football
- late 1800's college football became popular
- NFL didn't start til 1920's
Other sports
- tennis
- golf
- boxing
- biking
John McDermott
- first US golfer to win US open
- still is the youngest to have won
- 19 in 1911
Paddy Ryan
- bare-knuckle champion of America
Gentleman Jim Corbett
- 1892-1897 Heavyweight champ
Jack Johnson
- heavyweight champ 1908-1915
Music and Dancing
- ragtime
- cakewalk
- tap dancing
Movies
- The Great Train Robbery- 1903
World Fair's
- focused on showcasing the latest and greatest in inventions and technology
- 1853- New York
- 1876- Philadelphia
- 1893- Chicago (Ferris Wheel)
- 1901- Buffalo (McKinley killed)
- 1904- St. Louis
- 1915- San Fransisco
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