Oct 21-25 ch.6-Ancient Rome-500 BCE-500CE Miliarium Aureum translates to golden milestone, was a marble or gilded bronze statue erected by casar. The story of romulus and remus, Romulus is considered to be the first king of Rome around 750 BCE He was unhappy with the number of people and especially the lack of women in Rome so held a festival inviting people from other kingdoms, this led to the rape of the sabine woman and led to a war between the Romans and the sabines. Eventually the wives/daughters of the two dies stepped in and asked for peace, Romulus and the Sabine king Titus agreed to peace and ruled jointly until tatius was killed in a battle, the founder of Rome was a killer and a rapist/ kidnapper, why did Roe ending up being the place of the great civilization in the west. Location Location Geography Italy is a peninsula, shaped like a boot, centrally located in region-great location Rome is on the Tiber River-near coast and 3 continents. More advantages of Romes Geography, contained large plains making it easy to farm. The first Romans 1000 BCE-500 BCE Latins built the original settlement at Rome on palatine Hill. The greeks 750-600BCE Established colonies in southern Italy and Sicily, Brought Greek ideas to Italy. What is a Republic, A government run by the people through elected representatives. The early Republic-600-509 BCE, The Etruscans were the group that helped Rome grow into a large city, Under the Etruscans, Rome was ruled by a king until 509BCE. King Tarquin the Proud was a tyrant and was overthrown by Roman Republic. Tarquin would be the last King of Rome. The Roman Republic 509-27 BCE. Set up after King Tarquin was overthrown in 509 BCE, Set up a republic. A form of government in which power rests with the citizens who have a right to vote for their leaders. Who were Roman Citizens, The Roman concept of the citizen evolved over time. All males over 15 who were descended from the original tribes of Rome became citizens, Citizens of Rome distinguished themselves from slaves and other noncitizens by wearing a toga. The full citizen could vote, marry freeborn persons, and buy and sell things commerce. Patricians, the upper class wealthy landowners, very small group, controlled the most valuable land. Plebeians, the lower class peasants, laborers, very large group, very few privileges and say but could vote, paid most of the taxes and served in the army. Rome's leaders eventually allowed plebeians to form their own assembly and elect representatives called tribunes. Why would they do this, Because plebeians would refuse to work and be in the military and made up over 90% of the population. These tribunes worked to protect the rights of plebeians, why was this an important step for the common people? The Roman Republic-The Government. Dictators were chosen by the Consus and elected by the Senate in times of crisis. They had absolute power of six months to make laws and control the army, then had to stop down why allow for this? Example of Roman Dictator, cincinatus ohio is named after him. During a severe military emergency the Roman senate called cincinnatus from his farm to serve as dictator and to lead the roman army. The twelve tables the law. In 451 bce some officials started writing down Romes laws onto tablets.
Oct 28-nov 1 The Roman Republic The Military, The military was a very important part of making rome into a major power. All citizens who owned land were required to serve in the military. Plebeians served in the military as well. Legions were made up of large groups 5,500 of infantry. There were about 30 legions in the Roman army. Weapons of war. Romans. Rome vs Carthage 3 punic wars 264-146BCE. The first punic war was fought for control of Sicily and the western mediterranean. Oct30-31 watched videos during class.
Nov 4-8 The roman Republic Falls Apart. The growing gap between rich and poor-income inequality. As Rom took over areas, it took in slaves as well, By 100 BCE, slaves made up 33% of Rome's population. Small farmers couldn't compete with the rich landowners and had to sell land leaving them homeless many became soldiers. Cause. Professional soldiers were poor and only made money. Because Caesar crossed the Rubicon river and brought his army with him to Rome. Effect civil war breaks out for three years. Gaius Julius Caesar's Resume. Grew up in a patrician family, father died when he was 16, married Cornelia in 84 BCE. After Julius Caesar. Gaius octavius thurinus.
Nov 11 -15 Roman Life. Discipline, strength and loyalty were stressed in Rome people had gravitas that had these characteristics. 90% of people farmed throughout the empire. The rich lived by conspicuous consumption. Most people lived in poverty, high unemployment. Lived in cramped tenements fires common. Govt provided grain every day, struggle for survival. Slavery was a significant part of Roman life and economy. The Romans had more slaves than any previous civilians-⅓ of the population. Most slaves were conquered people and included men, women and children. Children born to slaves also became slaves. The rise of christianity. What was the problem with Roman gods if you looked at them from a person's perspective. Roman gods were very impersonal and were practiced with very little emotion-people were scared of many of them. Rome took over the jewish land of israel around 63 BCE which introduced christianity to the Roman empire.
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