Causes of war:-yellow press-Spain-De Lome letter-Sinking of USS Main-Butcher Weyler and his treatment of Cubans in the concentration camps-Jose Marti's destruction of US property in Cuba-making it look as though Spain did it."Remember the Maine, to Hell with Spain."Ch. 10 Notes1)imperialism: A strong country goes out and takes over a weaker country(great Britain)2)militarism - a strong military and using it to get what they want3)Nationalism - being extremely patriotic towards something(country/ethnic group)4)Diplomacy: how we deal with other countries5)spheres of influence: a strong country has influence or control over other weak countries6)protectorate- one country has control or protects a weaker country7)arbitration- settlement of a dispute by a 3rd partyold diplomacy - how we used to deal with other countries1790-19001)noninterventionist-the us didn't intervene in foreign affairs, especially Europs2)isolationist-the ?us acted alone in foreign affairs as compared to working with other nations3)passive and reactive-the us waited for events to occur and then acted accordingly4)weak army and navyNew Diplomacy1)imperialistic-going out and conquering territory to create an empire-Alfred Mahan, Henry Cabot lodge, Teddy Roosevelt2)Stronger army and navy3)Interventionist - especially in Central and South America-becoming more involved in other countries affairs-MONROE DOCTRINE. warning given to other states that US would invade if needed to4)strong nationalism-having strong pride and confidence in ones country*imperialism became very common with the major powers of the world*most powerful countries:-Great Britain-Germany-France-Austria-Hungary-Italy-Russia-US-Ottoman Empire - Turkey-JapanWhy did US and other countries look to imperialism?-economic reason-superior-military power-$ for natural resources-"white mans burden" (cultural superiority)10.2- Spanish American War-by 1900, Spain was a dwindling empire.-Philippines, Guam, Cuba, Puerto Rico. (US had interest in Cuba)-Cubans had been revolting against Spain frequently (1868,1878,1886,1895)Jose Marti (Cuban nationalist)-had been in the US a lot and realized that Cuba needed our help.General Valeriano Weyler - Spanish general-sent to put people in concentration camps (didn't kill them)-nick name was "the butcher" by US-war came to a boiling point (cartoon)-they had no governmentNEWWhat caused an increase in tension between the US and Spain?1. in 1895 civil war broke out in Cuba between Spain and the Cubans2. the conflict was described by Senator Redfield Proctor of Vermont as "bloody and brutal"3. Newspapers (Yellow press - particularly those owned by William Randolph Hearst) reported the brutality of the Spanish General Weyler-The New York Journalist reports "...blood on the roadsides, blood in the villages, blood, blood, blood!"-American newspapers were clearly pushing the nation towards intervention in the Cuban situation.The Yellow Press-instigated the war-united the general public to want war with Spain-made people feel sorry for the Cubanswhy called the yellow press?-The Yellow KidWilliam Randolph Hearst - owned a New York yellow press news papersJoseph Pulitzer*Spain got blamed for starting the warEnrique Dupay de Lome*Spanish Embasitor of United Statesletter; saying McKinley is weak and-USS Maine exploded.believed that Spain did it, or an internal explosion.Teller Amendment-imperialists vs. anti-imperialists in US-an amendment to the deceleration of war-guarantees Cubans independence after the warFronts in the Spanish-American War-Philippines-Cuba-Puerto RicoBattle of Manila BayEmilio Aguinaldo-Filipino general-PresidentAdmiral William SampsonRough Riders - group of tough guys sent to fight in the warbattle of San Wan HillLeonard Wood - official general of the Rough RidersJohn Hay "A Splendid Little War"Treaty of Paris - 1898-brought an official end to the war-Spain gave Cuba independence (kind of)-US got control of the Philippines (20 million dolla) Guam and Puerto RicoMISC.-the US Army wasn't prepared to fight this war. The Navy was excellent though.-lost about 3,000 ppl. (disease, food poisoning)-only 385 battle deaths-lasted April 25 - August 12, 1898-US became an empire for the first time in our history10.3 - Acquiring New Lands- eagle stretching his wings to get more land outside the coasts of US-uncle Sam is growing so we're going to have to remeasure because we're expanding.Puerto Rico.-Claimed by spanish in 1493.-in 1898, after 400 years of colonial rule Puerto Rico was ceded to US as a result of Spanish-American war.-Puerto Ricans were given US citizenship in 1917-Populary-elected governors have served since 1948.-in 1952, a consitution was enacted providing for internal self gov.-in plebiscites held in 1967, 1993 and 1998, voters chose to retain commonwealth status.-three options for the future.?CubaIn 1898, spain gave control of cuba to the US with the treay of Paris.-in 1902, the US granted Cuba its independance as promised wuth the teller amendment.-The US retained the right to intervene to preserve Cuban independance and stability with Platt Amendment.-The US got control of Guantanamo Bay as well, a navel base we still have control of today.-1934, the platt amendment was repealed.What do you know about Cuba today.?-Leader: Rahul Castro-Mistle crisitis-any thing cuban is illegal in our country.Philipeans:-What to do with the Philipeans.?"...there was nothing left for us to do but to take them all, and to educate the Filipinos, and uplift and civilize and Chrisitainize then, and by God's grace..."-Emilio Aguinaldo declared philipine indepandence from Spain.-After the Spanish-American War, the US took over the islands for $20mil in the Tready of Paris.Philippine-American WAr.-The pilippine-american war broke out after the Filipinos relized the US wouldn't give independence.-it ended with American control.-12,000-20,000 filipinos soldiers dead.-200,000-1.5 mil. Filipino civilivans die-some contend US committed genocide.-4,165 US soldiers dead.-in 1935, the philippines was greanmted commonwealth stauts.-plans for independence over the next 10 yrs. were interrupted and took them over.-allied troops defeated the Japanese in 1945.-on july 4, 1946, the philippines attained its independence.China-By the late 1800's it was loking as if china would be carved up like Africa.-China hanted to prevent this from happening.chapter 10.4Teddy Roosevelt's Presidency.Resso-Japanese War.-japan shocked the world by defeting Russia.-Treaty of Portsmouth.--japan received Southern half of Sakhklin island from Russia--Japan took over Russian interests in Manchuria and Korea.Panama Canal.Rooseevelt Cordlary-it was an addition to the Monroe Doctrine.monroe doctrine-a warning to erupoe to stay out of the western hemosphere.-Said that the US would be the police officer between Latin america and Europe.-Te US would use force to protect interests in Latin America"Speak softly and Carry a big stick."it means the threat of our military.Dollar Diplomacy-presedency taft-Using the US gov to guarantee loans made to foreign contries by US banks and bussinesses.-econamic imperilism-us banks were in control of many businsess in Latin America.-Us said it was needed to keep Europeanpowers out of Latin America.-"substituding dollars for bullets"President Woodrow WIlson.-practiced missionary diplomacy-- US wouldn't recognize anty gov that was oppressive, undemocratic and hosile toward the US.-- Mexican gov was overthrown by General Victoriano Huerta.--Wilson refused to recognize a government of butchers.-- Wilson practiced watchful waiting im dealing with huerta.-US took over the mexican port of veracruz after huerta arrested some American sailors.-War was exreamly close to argentina, brazil, and chille stepped in and trieed to settle confilct.-huerta rejected the plan but his gov collapsed shortly after.-venudtiano Carranza pres.-wilson recognized his gov.Pancho Vila.-at first was pro-american but soon changed after pres carranza asked US to comtrol Mexican mines.-killed dozens of US citizens in 2 different occasions.-pres. wilson ordered General Jon to go into mexico and capture vila.-the mexican army clashed with pershings forces.-by 1917 both sides backed down.Pres Mckinley's assasination.-killed by leon-he was an anarchist that wanted all leader to be wiped out.-hoped to premote the anarchist mpovment.-last statment: "i killed thr pres b/c he was an ememy of the good working people i am not sorry for my crime."
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