monday-testing
tuesday-
Rome
- Capitoline wolf raises romulus and remus
- Rome had great geography for farming and trading
- Located next to tiber river and mediterranean sea
Major groups
Latins
- Built the original settlement at rome on palatine hill
- This is where romulus and remus were found by the she-wolf
greeks
- Established colonies in southern italy and sicily
- Brought greek ideas to italy
The etruscans
- Came from northern italy
- skilled metalworkers and engineers
- had writing system wit an alphabet that the romans adapted
- had greatly influence roman architecture
- developed the arch
- outside of greece, one of the most advanced civilization of the time
- Not much known of this group because their was no documents or literature
- THe etruscans were the group that helped reom grow into a larger city
- under the etruscans, rome was ruled by a king until 509 B.C.
- King tarquin the proud was a tyrant and was over thrown by brutus
Roman republic
- Set up after king Tarquin was overthrown
- What is a republic?
- A form of government in which power rests with the citizens whom vote for their leaders
- Citizens were free-born males only
- SPQR- the senate and people of rome
Patricians and plebeians
- patricians were wealthy landowners who had most of the power
- believed that their ancestors gave them power to make laws
- Plebeians were farmers, artisans, and merchants that made up most of the population
- were roman citizens
- could vote
- couldn't hold government jobs
- Eventually they could form their own assemblies called tribunes
- worked to protect the rights of plebeian
The government
- Dictators were chosen by the consuls and elected by the senate in times of crisis
- They had absolute power for six months to make laws and control the army
- why allow for this? to get things done
wednesday-Talked politics
thursday-talked politics
- Dictators were chosen by the consuls and elected b the neonate in times of crisis
- That had absolute power from six months
- The 12 tables was their constitution
- Eight punishments, Fine, Fetters (chains around legs), Flogging, retaliation in kind, civil disgrace, banishment, slavery, death
Friday
Military
- The military was a very important part of making into a major power
- All citizens who owned land were required to serve in the military
- Legions were made up of 5,000, and were groups of infantry
- Legions were broken down into smaller groups of 80 called a century
- A centurion led a century
- Each legion had a cavalry unit
Treatment
- Areas right next to rome, such as latins, became full roman citizens
- in other areas of italy further away, groups became citizens but could not vote
- in areas outside of italy, groups became allies
- Groups were able to govern themselves but were expected to supply troops when needed and not make other treaties with other groups
- This lenient policy allowed the roman empire to last a long time
carthage/punic wars
- The first punic was were fought for control of sicily and the western mediterranean
- Lasted 23 years
- rome won
- The second punic war was started by carthage to get revenge for its previous loss
- Lasted 16 years
- rome won
- Hannibal, a brilliant carthaginian general, led a massive surprise attack on rome
- Led a fore of 50,000 infantry, 9,000 cavalry, and 60 elephants
- ost nearly half of his man and most of his elephants before reaching the romans
- for almost 10 year hannibal had a lot of victory, but ultimately rome won forcing hannibal to return home
- rome won
- third punic was
- rome went on offence and laid siege to carthage
- the romans burned the city and 50,000 people were sold into slavery
- with carthage out of the picture, rome would continue its conquest in the upcoming decades
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