Islam Grows
New Leader
- -After Muhammad died in 632 the muslim community needed to make a decision on who would be their next religious leader
- -they selected one of his friends named abu-bakr to become the first CALIPH meaning successor
Issues
- -Not everyone was welcoming of the caliph
- -some tribes around the arabian peninsula abandoned islam completely
- -other wouldnt pay taxes
- -some individuals even declared themselves to be prophets
Attempts to resolve
- -abu-bakr declared a JIHAD two meanings
- a inner struggle with evil
- an armed struggle against non-believers
Expansion by military
- Muslim community began to expand
- next three caliphers after him expanded into the sassanid and byzantine empires
Reasons for success
- Did well in conquests between these empires because they have been fighting for years before this
- well disciplined
- great leaders
- two empires wouldn't tolerate and religions conquered in their areas so the Muslims in the empire would often help others Muslims to invade that empire
Treatment of the Conquered People
- -the Qur'an does not allow for Muslims to force others to convert to this religion
- -Muslims allowed the Christians and Jews to practice it but not spread it
- -made the Christians and Jews pay a tax however they could not fight for the islam army
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