Monday-
10.1 Imperialism and America
New Imperialism
- Imperialistic
- going out and conquering territory to create an empire
- Alfred Mahan, Henry Cabot Lodge, Teddy Roosevelt
- Stronger Army and Navy
- Interventionist- especially in Central and South America
- becoming more involved in other countries affairs
- Monroe Doctrine
- Strong Nationalism
- having strong pride and confidence in one's country
- Imperialism became very common with the major powers of the world
- Great Britain
- Germany
- France
- Austria-Hungary
- Italy
- Russia
- Unite States
- Japan
- Turkey
- Why did the US and other countries look to imperialism?
- Military Power
- Naval Bases
- Refueling Stations
- $$ for Natural Resources
- New Markets to sell goods
- Cultural Superiority
- Spanish American War
- 1900, Spain was dwindling empire
- Philippines, Guam, Cuba, Puerto Rico
- US had been interested in Cuba for a long time
- We tried to buy Cuba in 1854
- Cubans revolted against Spain frequently wanting independence
- What Caused Increase in tension between US and Spain?
- 1895 civil war broke out in Cuba between Spain and Cubans
- Conflict described as "bloody and brutal"
- Newspapers reported the brutality of the Spanish General Weyler
- Causes of Spanish-American War
- USS Maine Sinking
- Yellow Press
- Butcher Weyler and his treatment of Cubans in concentration camps
- De Lome Letter
- Jose Marti's destruction of US property in Cuba
- help Cubans get independence
- De Lome Letter
- Mckinley is weak
- USS Maine
- Blew up
- Declaration of War and the Teller Amendment
- April 25, 1898 the US declared war on Spain
- Imperialists knew we would get something out of it from Spain
- Teller Amendment was added to declaration of war against Spain
- Guaranteed Cuban independence after war
Tuesday-
continued notes
- Battle of Manilla Day
- Navy was outstanding
- Our navy was new and updated technology
- Spain's was based on old technology
- 1898
- Emilio Aguinaldo
- Allie from Philippines
- Teddy Roosevelt and Leonard Wood
- Leonard Wood was the boss
- Secretary of State: John Hay
- "A Splendid Little War"
- Treaty of Paris- 1898
- Brought an official end to the war
- Spain gave Cuba independence
- US got control of the Philippines ($20 million), Guam, Puerto Rico
- Misc
- US Army was not prepared to fight war
- Navy was excellent
- Roughly 3000 US Soldiers died in the war
- Only 385 battle deaths
- 2500 died due to disease
- Lasted April 25-August 12
- US became an Empire
10.3- Acquiring New Lands
- Puerto Rico
- granted US citizenship in 1917
- 1952, a constitution was enacted providing internal self government
- 2012, majority of Puerto Rico voted for statehood- it is now up to congress
- Cuba
- 1898- Spain gave control of Cuba to the US with the Treaty of Paris
- 1902- US granted Cuba its independence as promised with the Teller Amendment
- US retained the right to intervene to preserve Cuban independence and stability with Platt Amendment
- US got control of Guantanamo Bay as well a naval base we still have control of today
- 1934- Platt Amendment was repealed
- 1 of 5 communist countries today
- Now have some open trade with Cuba
- Easier for people to go to Cuba
- Opening relations
- Philippines
- What should we do with the Philippines?
- Annex (make them a state) or independence
- Educate, uplift, take them, civilize, and Christianize them
- Emilio Aguinaldo declared Philippine independence from Spain on June 12, 1898
- After Spanish- American War, US took over the islands for $20 million in the 1898 Treaty of Paris
- What should we do with the Philippines?
- Philippine- American War
- broke out after the Filipinos realized US wouldn't give them independence
- ended with American control over the islands
- 12,000-20,000 Filipinos soldiers dead
- 200,000-1.5 million Filipino civilians die
- Some contend US committed genocide
- 4,165 US soldiers dead
- 1935- Philippines was granted Commonwealth status
- Plans for independence over the next decade were interrupted by WWII when Japanese invaded and took them over
- Allied troops defeated the Japanese in 1945
- July 4, 1946, Philippines attained its independence
- China
- Late 1800's, looking as if China would be carved up like Africa had been
- China wanted to prevent this from happening
- John Hay
- Open Door Policy
- free trade
- guaranteed China independence
- Open Door Policy
- Teddy Roosevelt Presidency
- Assumed presidency after McKinley was killed
- Known as a peacemaker
- Ended the Russo-Japanese war in 1905
- Won Nobel Peace prize
- Panama Canal
- Roosevelt Corollary
Wednesday- notes
- Panama Canal
- canal across Panama had been desired for a long time
- France had started constructing a canal but gave up due to costs and diseases
- 1903, US buys French company's route for $40 million
- Before starting, US had to get permission from Colombia which controlled Panama
- Colombia refused to allow US entry
- With support fro the US, Panama revolted against Colombia
- November 3, 1903, Panama declared independence from Colombia
- US and Panama then signed canal deal where US would pay $10 million and an annual rent of $250,000
- Panama Canal Construction
- One of the biggest engineering undertakings ever
- Had to fight disease (yellow fever and malaria)
- Soft, volcanic soil made it difficult to remove
- Over 43,000 workers helped build canal
- 5,600 workers died
- Cost US $380 million
- Opened on August 15, 1914
*Why we wanted it?
*Challenges faced to get it?
- Roosevelt Corollary
- Addition to Monroe Doctrine
- Said that US would be police officer between Latin America and Europe
- US would force to protect interests in Latin America
- "Speak Softly and Carry a Big Stick"
- we are going to do what we want
- Great White Fleet
- Used to scare people
- We have power
- Show of force
thursday- no school
friday- no school
Comments