November 21st- 22nd

[4MorganG]

We watched a video on the assassination of James Garfield and a video on the assassination of William McKinley then took these notes

Thursday -

Chapter 8

What advances in science and technology help solve urban problems?

• Skyscrapers

• Flatiron building-1902

• Electric Streetcars

• Subways-1904

• Cash registers-1879

• Automatic dishwasher-1889

• Vacuum cleaner-1899

• Airplane-1903

• Kodak Camera-1888

• Automobile-late 1800’s

• Light bulb-1879

• Telephone-1876

• Typewriter-1867

• Radio-1895

• Toilet Paper-1857

How did education change in the late 1800’s and early 1900’s

• Before late 1800’s, education was for the rich

• Children worked in factories instead of going to school

• Most states had public schools by 1865

• 1865-1895 states required 12-16 weeks of school annually

• Classes focused on “3 R’s -reading -riting -rithmetic”

• Memorization and recitation was very common

• Lecturing became common way for teachers to teach because students couldn’t read or write

• Our school is set up like a factory

  • Assembly line style

  • “One size fits all” approach

  • Bells

African American & Immigrant

• African American were mostly excluded from public schools or had to attend segregated schools
• In 1910, 3% of African Americans between the ages 15-19 attended HS
• Immigrants were encouraged to go to school
• Most European immigrant families sent their children to the free public schools
• Children learned English and became “Americanized”

Religion in School

• Public schools had mandatory readings from the Protestant Bible
• Many Catholic families were concerned
• Catholic communities set up parochial schools to give their children a Catholic Education
  • Parochial School: a school supported by a church parish

Higher Education – college

• From 1880-1920, college enrollments quadrupled
• High School diploma and entrance exams were used in admittance purpose
• Morrill Act – 1862

What laws and restrictions were put on African Americans and other minorities after Reconstruction ended?

Segregation

• Literacy Test – had to prove ability to read and right to vote
• Poll Tax – had to pay tax to be able to vote
• Grandfather Clause 
  • If your grandfather could vote before this date (1-1-1867), you could vote
  • Jim Crow laws
    • Segregation laws
    • Plessy vs Ferguson – 1896
      • “Separate but equal”
      • Separate and unequal in reality
      • Lynching and violence
      • Iowa did not have segregation laws
      • Tuskegee Airmen – All black air regiment in WWII

Explain what people did for entertainment in the late 1800’s and early 1900’s

Entertainment

• Circus
  • Ringling Brothers
  • Amusement parks
    • Coney Island - 1903
    • Vaudeville Shows
      • Ventriloquist
      • Live Comedy
      • Live acts
      • Singing and Dancing
      • Minstrel Shows
        • Racist Shows
        • Parks 
          • Central Park in NYC 1857
• Basketball 
  • Dr. James Naismith
  • First Public Game  was in 1892 
• Baseball 
  • Invented by Abner Doubleday in 1839
  • Major league baseball became big in the late 1800's 
• Football
  • Late 1800's college football became popular
• Tennis
• Golf
  • John McDermott
    • First big winner
• Boxing
  • Paddy Ryan - Bare Knuckle
  • Gentleman Jim Corbet 
    • Heavy weight Champ padded
    • Jack Johnson Champ padded
• Biking- 1885 
• Music
  • Ragtime
  • Cakewalk 
  • Bojanggles 
  • Movies
  • The Great Train Robbery
• Worlds Fair 
  • 1901 Buffalo - McKinley was killed

Chapter 9

• Progressives Reform Era
  • 4 steps 
    • Protecting Social Welfare Cities
      • Help setting up housing for the poor
      •  Open Libraries 
      • Sponsored education classes
      • Soup kitchens
      • Opened Swimming pools 
      • Sponsored education classes 
      • Slum brigades 
        • Teach Immigrants
    • Promoting Moral Improvement 
      • Carrie Nation 
      • Prohibition
        • Why ban alcohol?
          • Beating wives 
          • Cheating on wives 
          • Factory worker wanted them to be in tip top shape 
      • Women's Right to Vote 
        • WCTU
    • Creating Economic Reform 
      • Works
        • Put restrictions on child labor 
        • Many turned to socialism 
        • Hours went to from 14 -12 - 10 - to got to 8 hours in the end 
        • Workmen's compensation - When hurt get paid leave 
      • Muckrakers
        • Upton Sinclair - The Jungle - meatpacking 
        • Ida Tarbell  -exposed Oil Companies
    • Fostering Efficiency
      • Henry Ford 
        •  Starting  to care about people and is worker 
  • Reforming Elections 
    • Secret Ballot 
    • Direct Primary 
      • How to choose the president 
    • Initiative 
      • A bill originated by people rather than lawmaker's 
    • Referendum 
      • When voters to accept or reject a law
    • Recall 
      • When the voter remove the governors by votes