November 21 (Monday)- In the library for Kuper Navigator
November 22 (Tuesday)- Notes continued and 15 minutes of study hall. Test next week
November 23 (Wednesday)- No school
November 24 (Thursday)- No school
November 25 (Friday)- No school
Early Christian Issues
- As time went on, there were growing disagreements between Christians in regards to beliefs
- The New Testament was added to the Hebrew Old Testament to make the Christian bible which helped unify Christians
- Included the four Gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke, John) as well as the Epistles of Paul among other documents
The Nicene Creed
- In 325 AD, Constantine further unified the teachings of Christianity
- In Nicaea (Turkey today) church leaders wrote the Nicene Creed, which defined the basic beliefs of the Church
The Fall of the Roman Empire
- Diocletian
- Constantine
- Constantinople
- Byzantine Empire
- Attila the Hun
The Fall of the Roman Empire
- Historians generally agree that end of the reign of the emperor Marcus Aurelius marked the end of two centuries of peace and prosperity and the Roman Empire
3 Main Causes for the Fall of Rome
- Internal problems and conflicts
- Separation of the Roman Empire into East and West
- Outside invasions
Diocletian Splits the Empire
- Diocletian was a strong ruler that brought law and order back to the Empire
- He believed that the empire had grown too large and too complex for one ruler
- He divided the empire into two
- Greek-speaking East (Greece, Anatolia, Syria, and Egypt)- Byzantine Empire
- Latin-speaking West (Italy, Gaul, Britain, and Spain)
- He took the eastern half for himself and appointed a co-ruler for the West
Constantine
- Constantine took control of the western part of the Roman Empire in 312 AD and also took control of the eastern part in 324 AD
- United the empire during his reign and moved the capital from Rome to Byzantium changing the name of the city to Constantinople
- Huge walls were built around Constantinople to protect it from barbarians
- After his death, the empire was split in two again
- Today the city is know as Istanbul
- THe Byzantine Empire would last until 1453 when the Ottoman Turks took the area over
Fall of the Western Roman Empire
Political
- Political office seen as burder and not a reward
- Miltary interference in politics
- Civil war and unrest
- Divison of empire
- Moving of capital to Byzantium
Social
- Decline in interest in public affair
- Low confidence in empire
- DIsloyalty, lack of patriotism, corruption
- Contrast between rich and poor
- Decline in population due to disease and food shortage
Economic
- Poor harvest
- Disruption of trade
- No more war plunder
- Gold and silver drain
- Inflation
- Crushing tax burden
- WIdening gap between rich and poor and increasingly impoverished Western Empire
Military
- Threat from northern European tribes
- Low funds for defense
- Problems recruiting Roman citizens; recruiting of non-Romans
- Decline of patriotism and loyalty among soldiers
Simple Terms:
- People didn't care
- No patrism
- Crubbling from the inside
- Poor harvest
- Low confidence
- Contrasts between rich and poor
- Threat from the North
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