Monday- Thursday- gone
Ch. 9.1
-Define the Progressive Era, why it started and it goals.
- Progressive Era-
Four goals-
1. Protecting social welfare-
- Social gospel and settlement house(these people help the poor)
2. Protecting moral improvement
- Some people felt morality held the key to improving peoples live
- Prohibition- banning of alcoholic beverages was one major program to improve moral improvement
3. Creating economic reform
- Moral reformers sought to change individual behavior
- Panic of 1893- cause Americans to question economic system
- Factory workers embraced socialism
- Muckrakers- People who wrote about the corpus side of business
4. Fostering efficiency
- Progressive leaders put faith in experts and scientific principles to make society more efficient
- Long days, low pay
-What is prohibition? Why did people want prohibition to come about? What tactics were used to bring about prohibition?
-Describe the impact aid organizations had on our country.
-What did the 18th Amendment do and why did people want it?
-What is socialism? How was it started in the United States?
-What/who were muckrakers and what impact did they have on our country?
- They were people who wrote about the corpus side of business
- Meat packing industry
- Brought economic reform
Reform at the State Level-
- Smaller local reforms join progressive efforts at the state level
- States passed laws to regulate railroads, mines, mills, phone companies, etc...
Reform Mayors-
- Hazen Pingree- Detroit, Michigan
- Tom Johnson- Cleveland, OH
- Fairer tax structure
- Lowered fares on public transportation
- Building schools, parks, public buildings
Reform Governors-
- Robert M. Follette
- Governor of Wisconsin
- Railroad out of business
- Big business
Protecting Working children-
- Unskilled jobs
- Poverty
- Stunted growth
- Child Labor Committee-1904
- Sent investigators
Efforts to Liit Working Hours
- Oregon law
- Bunting VS. Oregon to uphold ten hour work days
- Compensation- money for what they did (Workmens compensation), given hurt or killed
Reforming Elections-
- Initiative a bill originated by the people on the ballot
- Secret ballot or Australian ballot
- Referendum gave citizens the power to create laws
Direct Election of Senators-
- Each legislator elected two senators
- Voters elected senators
- Direct election
- 17th amendment
-What id local government do to reform itself during the Progressive Era?
-What did businesses do to bring better efficiency to their business?
-What did the progressives do to make the workplace safer?
-What did the progressives do to help end or reduce child labor?
-What did progressives do to help workers reduce the number of hours they had to work?
-What did progressives do to bring about better wages for workers?
-What did progressives do to make our country more democratic?
-What did the 17th Amendment do?
Direct Election of Senators-
- Each legislator elected two senators
- Voters elected senators
- Direct election
- 17th amendment
- -1913
- Who are our Senators?
- -Charles Grassley- Republican
- -Joni Ernst- Republican
Ch. 9.2
-Describe the major social changes that affected women during the Progressive Era.
- Many more women were getting an education
- Many became teachers, maids, worked in factories
- Help push for the passing of the 18th and 19th amendments to the US Constitution
-Prohibition
-Women's Suffrage - Suffrage= Voting
-Describe women's push for suffrage(voting) and the passing of the 19th Amendment.
Women in the mid-late 1800s and early 1900s pushed for four things
1. Abolition of Slavery (13th Amendment-1865)
2. Temperance (18th Amendment-1920)
3. Women's Suffrage(19th Amendment-1920)
-Describe some women who were leaders in the push for suffrage and temperance.
Susette La Flesche-
- 1879- from Omaha
- Traveled east to translate into English the sad words of Chirf Standing Bear
- 1887- testified, won citizenship rights
Jeannette Rankin-
- Worked to win suffrage in Washington State
- Was elected first woman in congress
- Voted against war in WWI and WWII
Push for Equality-
- 1848- Sececa Falls Declaration: Plea for the end of discrimination against women in all spheres of society, including the right to vote
- 1879- from Omaha
- Traveled east to translate into English the sad words of Chirf Standing Bear
- 1887- testified, won citizenship rights
Farm Woman-
- Devoted time to care for their homes and families
- 19th century- Middle class and upper class woman could afford to stay home
- Lower class had to go out and work
- Cooking, making clothes, and laundry
- Raise livestock, help plow and plant in the fields and harvest the crops
Woman in Industry-
- Better paying opportunities became available
- 1 out of 5 American women help jobs
- 25% manufacturing- Most women were in factories, making clothes, sewing
- Garment Trade
- Woman high school graduates outnumbered men
Domestic Workers-
- Cleaning for other families
- 2 million African Women were freed from slavery
- Poverty drove them into the workforce
- Worked on farms
- Cooks, laundresses, scrub-woman, and maids
- 70% employed in 1870 were servants
Woman Lead Reform-
- Many women publicly active in their later years of the 19th century attended college
- By the later 1800s, women didn't have to depend on having a husband, because they had the opportunity to have an education and became more independent
- Vassar College- was a women's college established in 1865, century attended college
Woman and Reform-
- Laborers started to reform workplace health and safety
- Many educated woman joined the reform groups. They couldn't vote or run for office, their reform at imporiving home and work lives for women
- "Social Housekeeping" targets workplace/housing reform, educational improvement, food & drug laws, etc..
- Suffrage= right to vote
3 part strategy for suffrage-
1. Tried convincing state legislature to grant women the right to vote
-Wyoming- first state to grant women the right to vote
2. Women pursued court cases to test the 14th amendment... aren't women citizens too?
3. Women pushed for national constitutional amendment to grant women the voting right
World War 1-
- Interrupted the campaign for women suffrage
- Women took men's jobs during war
- On Aug. 20, 1920- the 19th amendment became part of the US Constitution when Tennessee became the 36th state to ratify it
Friday- watched a video
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