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Notes
Step Program
- Angel Island- Asians and Darker skinned people where treated worse and stayed at the island
- Step 4- Beyond Ellis Island
- Next Step
- Explore the new land
- Exchange Money
- Next Step
- Why were immigrants disliked?
- Took jobs
- Kept wages low
- Different culture
- Racism
- Chinese Exclusion Act - 1882
- Banned all the Chinese immigration to the US from 1882 -1902
- Why Ban Just them
- They took jobs
- Skin Color
- Gentleman's Agreement - 1907
- Informal agreement between the United States and Japan
- US would not restrict Japanese immigration and Japan would not allow immigration to the US
- The goal was to reduce tensions between the US and Japan
City's Growing
- Why are they growing so fast ?
- Immigrants
- Farmers moving to the city
- African Americans moved to the cities
- Cities offered more jobs and opportunities
- Cities offered more entertainment
- Problems in the City
- Cramped. old. dirty housing
- Tenements
- A small packed, dirty apartment
- Dirt Floor
- Rat take over
- Tenements
- Lack of good transportation
- Lack of safe drinking water
- Disease was common
- Streets were filthy
- Crime
- People were poor; basically Gangs
- Fires
- Because wood
- Horse Poop
- Cramped. old. dirty housing
- Jacob Riis
- Muckraker- Investigative journalists
- Helped Change Begin
- Took pictures of the poorest of the poor's conditions
- Tenement House Law- 1901
- Made sure there were sanitary conditions, fire escapes and windows were available
- All tenements were destroyed in the 1920's and the last of them were in 1930's during the New Deal
Transportation
- Electric Streetcars- late 1800's to early 1900's
- Automobiles -
- 300 cars in US
- 78.000 in 1905
- 1.7 million in 1914
- Subways - New York City- 1904
- Airplanes - 1903 - Wright Brothers
Lack of Safe Drinking Water
- Chlorine was added in small amounts in the early 1900's
Diseases Eliminating
- Got rid of Horses
- Added chlorine
- Indoor Plumbing
Garbage
- George A Waring Jr. - NYC - 1895
- Organized Modern recycling, street sweeping, and garbage collection
- Dumping Garbage in New York
- Organized Garbage Collection
Crime
- Organized Police Force
- Edison's light bulb helped light up the night
- Fingerprints
The Gilded Age
- To be covered with gold
Political Machines
- A boss that can control the votes
- Boss William Marcy Tweed -
- Head guy
- The neck that turned the mayor's, and people's head to his advantage
- Democratic political machine in NYC
- Tammany Hall worked in
- Thomas Nast
- Came up with Santa
- Cartoons about Boss Tweed
- These organizations would provide social services and jobs to people (recent immigrants) in exchange for votes
- Very corrupt
- Kickback System
- Over charging tax payers
- Pay the tattlers back with the taxes
- Over charging tax payers
- Granting favors to big business
- Paying of politicians to get laws to benefit them
- Spoils system/ patronage
- To the victor belongs the spoils
- Do what you want when you win
- To the victor belongs the spoils
- Political boss hired/fired police
- Came to be due to rapid increase of population and poor government in the 1800's
- Kickback System
- Died out in the early 1900's
Reforming the government
- Spoils system - Caused many dishonest people elected
- Garfield was shot because of it
- Pendleton Civil Service Act- 1833
- Required most government jobs to be given through a merit system based on test scores
- By 1900's half were required
Good Presidents brought change
- President Grant and President Wilson
- 1869-1921
- Reform president or status quo president?
Reform Presidents
- Rutherford B. Hayes
- James Garfield
- Chester Arthur
- Grover Cleveland
- Benjamin Harrison
- Teddy Roosevelt
- Woodrow Wilson
Status Quo Presidents
- Ulysses S. Grant
- William McKinley
- William Howard Taft
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