Aristotle - background
- Greek philosopher whose name mean the best purpose
- Very important founding person in western philosophy
- Wrote about physics, poetry, theatre, music, logic, politics, government, ethics, biology ect.
- Died 322 BC
- Nicomachus, his father ,was a personal physician to the king of macedon
- Married phythias, the adoptive daughter of hermias and they had a daughter
- First trained in medicine
- Went to plato’s academy in Athens to continue his education
- Studied philosophy with plato while there
- Stayed at academy for 20 years before quitting
- Traveled to asia with friend to study biology
- Traveled to the island lesbos to research the islands botany and zoology
Plato Background
- Wealthy Athenian family
- Original name – astricoles meaning best and renowned but wrestling coach changed it to plato because of wide shoulders
- Traced ancestry to direct line to early king of Athens
- 2 bros 1 sis
- Father died when young, mom remarried
- Outstanding in sports, music and academics
- Studied music and poetry at the gym owned by dionysios
- During war with Sparta, won Athenian prize for bravery
- Student of Socrates at age 20
- Adopted style philosophy and debate
- Believed that justice is the most important virtue
- Developed foundation of metphyics
- Died in 347 BC. No one knows how he died.
Socrates Background
- classical greek Anthenian philosopher
- one of the founders of western philosophy
- born and spent all of life in Athens
- Father was Sophroniscus
- attended school of Athens
- Military at age 18 - soldier in Peloponnesian War against Sparta
- son of stonemason - poor
- completed two works of sculpture
- people were charmed with wit and humor, very kind
- wife, Xanthippe
- served on legislative
- accused of atheist and corrupting the youth of Athens, accepted death penalty, drinking hemlock, died
Artistotle - famous greek philosopher, "granddaddy of the scientific method" , relying on reason rather then experiment, taught by plato, taught alexander the great
Plato - greatest philosopher of all time, lots of writing about government, ethics, law, and reason, wrote the republic, taught Artistotle, taught by socrates
Socrates - endless questioning of students, never lecturing, obsessing over truth and how to find it, using irony in teaching his students, taught plato, committed suicide by force
Aristotle Contributions - the overall study and teaching of such subjects. physics and astronomy.
Plato's - philophy, mathematics, and science, founded the academy,
ATHENIAN RELIGION -
Polytheism - belief in god and goddesses. believed gods created everything they needed to sustain life
Prayer - ceremonies and rituals performed for one particular god or goddess. sacrificing animals.
God Zeus - King of Gods, god of sky, weather, law, order, and fate. married hera. fathered many gods/heroes.
God - Poseidon. god of the sea, earthquakes, and horses. married amphitrite. father of theseus. often changed into shape of steed
God Hades - God of under world
Gods - Hera - queen of all gods, protected women and marriage, married to and a sister to Zeus
Athena - born out of Zeus's head. goddess of strategic war, goddess of wisdom and justice, goddess of the city and agricultre
Apollo - song of Zeus, twin to artemis, god of music, light, healing, and truth, drove the sun. never married but had children
Artemis - daughter of Zeus and Leto, virgin goddess of hunt, twin to apollo, could bring sudden death with one arrow,
Ares - god of war, battlelust, Civil order, and many behaivor, song of Zeus and Hera, long affair with Aphrodite, planet mars is named after his roman equivalent\
Aphrodite - goddess of love, beauty, and fertility, also a protectress of sailors, born from the sea foam, most beautiful woman in the world
Comments