Monday, September 27

[8jena]

Ch. 5.1:

-Describe Native American culture. used buffalo, every part, for things. didnt waste things. men hunters women prepared food and hides..men and women with
sensitivty became medicine men/ women...children learned behavior from
games and myths

-Why did settlers/people move to the Great Plains? for gold, land, riches, not so crowded

-Howdid the US gov't deal with Native Americans in the mid to late 1800's?
What were their policies? assimilation:had disputes on how they were
supposed to be treated. wanted to change native americans way of life,
beliefs, and culture so they are like normal white people. gave them
land to do it.

-Describe a cowboy's life. cattle as substitutefor bulls, learned ranching from mexicans, first cowboys were mexican,
vaqueros influenced cowboys speech, clothes, food, ...chisholm trail-
major cattle route-texas to kansas..worked very hard, 14 hours a day,
start at 15 stop at 40, guns carried, .. longhorns,,gather, starve,
brand, travel.. open range ended with barbed wire fences


Ch. 5.2:

other info....people moving west, railroads open, gov't support, closing frontier

-1870-1900- time it took to settle 800 million acres,federal land policy and completion of railroads helped rapid settlement...railroads-race to lay track between union pacifiic and
central pacific. rails of east and west coasts were linked--1884
homestead act--160 acres of land..not enough to farm worthwhiley

-How did railroads and the Homestead Act help settle the Great Plains? homestead- gave 160 acres to household for free..railroads made travel quicker and easier and
shipped things needed by people,,food, supplies etc.

-What challenges did settlers face on the Great Plains? droughts, fires,
blizzards, locuust plagus, raids by outlaws and native americans

-Whatproblems did farmers face on the Great Plains? bought all these useful
machines but they were very expensive so they had to buy more land and
grow more crops. but that made them run out of money faster. also
droughts.

Ch. 5.3:

-What problems didfarmers face on the Great Plains? they were far away from stores and
had trouble finding clear water for themselves and the animals. no
cars,,lonely life,,railroads were charging farmers a lot to ship out
cuz there was no other competition,,hard soil this goes under populists
topic

..

...things they were doin called omaha platforms...increase in money supply-wanted inflation so they could make more.. graduated income tax-take money out of pay check....
federal loan program-u can get loans with good credit .....8 hr work
day-self exp..... restrictions on immigration-they would take our jobs
and work cheaper

-Who were the Populists and what did theybelieve in? populists-a movement of the farmers. out to help farmers
and the common person.


Ch. 6.1:
otherinfo--oil found hill near Beaumont Texas-ppl didnt believe him...Texas
oil boom-months of drilling, jan 10, 1901 oil spilled out.

-What caused the Industrial revolution to really take off in the late 1800's? finding oil! wealth of natural resources, gov't support for businesses, growning urban population,
steel produciton cheaper, and

-What were some new inventions in the late 1800's and what affect did they have on people's lives?
elecricity, light bulb, typewriter-1867 christopher sholes-shaped the
world of business, telephone-alexander graham bell-1876.

Ch. 6.2:

-Whatimpact did railroads have on the US? they could travel and ship things
just about amywhere, brought adventure, fresh start, railroad workers
were killed on the job, emloyed thousands of chinese workers

-Whywere many people upset with the railroads? didnt treat the chinese
railroad workers good. told stock holders it was gunna be real
expensive but it wasnt and they kept the extra cash. railroads charging
too much.

-What did the Grangers or government do to regulatethe railroads? fought politically against the railroads. filed laws to
protect their interest. laws passed to get rid of discrimination. frat
and passenger loading charges were brought down. railroads lost by a
7-2 vote in the munn vs illinois...interstate commerce act- passed to
keep an eye on the railroads makin sure prices werent outrageous.
supreme court overruled the fact that they could not control how much
they were charging. roosevelt came to presidency and interstate
commerce act came back.


Ch. 6.3:

-Tellme about Andrew Carnegie. started steel mill and manufactured more
steel than all the factories in great britain. attempted to control as
much of the steel industry as he could-did this by monopoly.

-Tell me about John D. Rockefeller. owned the biggest oil company in the world. richest person in the world. made hundreds of million. called robber berrans by ppl he drove a lot of ppl
out of business.

-What was Social Darwinism and how did it apply to business? a theory set up meant natural selection-survival of
the fittest. strong live weak die. apply to business by

-Explainhow companies formed monopolies(vertical/horizontal integration,
trusts). horizontal integration-one company is tryin to buy out other
companies..vertical integration- having control over every aspect of
transportation and development of product

-How did thegovernment try to regulate business? sherman antitrust act-gov't
concerned about expanding corp. cuz they would stifle free competition.
made it illegal to form a trust so you cant trade with free states or
other countries.

-What are labor unions and what is theirpurpose? a group of laborers went on strike and talked with the
representative from company so they can get better hours, wages, and
conditions.

Were labor unions successful in achieving theirgoals? Explain/Give examples. Haymarkey affair-very violen. homestead
strike-cuz mr FRICK cut wages. three detectives and nine workers
died..they usually werent successful cuz press media owners gov't
citizens were all against them..not enough ppl to make it work. some
victories were made but not too many. pullman company strike-less then
6 dollars a week laid off 3000 of its 5800 workers..strike turned
violent. company won harris jones-fought for child labor laws.


Ch. 7.1:

Why did immigrants come to the US? earn money, escape harsh conditions, gold rush, railroads

Where did immigrants come from? europe china japan jamaica cuba puerto rico and other islands

Whatproblems/issues did immigrants face on the trip over and once they got
here? very crowded on deck, no fresh air, sleep on bunks with lice,
share toilets, diseases were spread, some died

Why did somepeople want to put restriction on immigration? What were those
restrictions? native born workers feared their jobs would be taken and
work was scarce ... chinese exclusion act- banned chinese entry except
for students teachers merchants tourists and gov't officials. 1892
congress extended the law for another 10 yr. ... gentlemens
agreement-fears of anti chinese agitation was extended to japanese and
asians. japans gov't limited emigration of unskilled workers


Ch. 7.2

Whydid cities grow so quickly in the late 1800's and early 1900's?
industrial revolution increased number of jobs, transportation and
housing construction became more advanced, railroads, trolleys, farmers
went into debt so they moved to urban areas.

What problems didcities fact due to the rapid increase in population? more than one
family had to live in one house called tenements. very very crowded.
tenements were unsanitary. meant to improve plumbing and ventilation.
very bad conditions.

What did some people do to try to help thebad situation in the cities? trying to help poor people. jane adams-had
a house for ppl who didnt have much..edu. food. job training.


Ch. 7.3

Whatwas the political machine and what did they do for a city? political
machine-a building that runs or houses a political party. they help
immigrants find jobs and a place to stay.

Tell me about BossTweed and the Tweed Ring. new york citys political boss. tweed
ring-everyone passed the blame to someone else.

What caused allthis corruption in government? rich people, the spoil system?, kickback
system,favors to big business, political boss hires/fires police, tweed,

Whatlaws came about to reform government?pendleton civil service
act-reqired ppl to take tests before they were given gov't jobs to
prove you were well qualified to work that job. made ppl better
qualified for the job. started having reformed president

UlyssesS. Grant, Rutherford B. Hayes, James Garfield, Chester Arthur, Grover
Cleveland, Benjamin Harrison, Grover Cleveland and William Mckinley
were all presidents during the late 1800's. Were they a reform
president or a status quo president? reform most were assassinated.


Ch. 8.1:

-Whatadvances in science and technology help solve urban problems? planes
were made by wright brothers for transportation..werent perfected right skyscrapers, cameras, printing press, elevator.
away.


Ch. 8.2:

-How did education change in the late 1800's and early 1900's? taught african americans to teach and stuff. wanted them to be able to learn instead of slaves and stuff. african americans got to start their lives. ...elementary high school college..minority-bad education. 1865-education was set up. before then it was not mandatory. we wanted immigrants to have education and out language.


Ch. 8.3:

-Whatlaws and restrictions were put on African-Americans and other
minorities after Reconstruction ended? jim crow laws-seperating blacks
and whites. .....all southern states didnt allow african americans to vote. they had to pay to vote. literacy tests before voting. white ppl were trying to keep blacks from voting. that stopped in 60's.

-Explain the significance of Plessy v. Ferguson. hewas 1/8 black. sat on white car. did somthing bad. got kicked off and
arrested. went to court. it est. that it was okay to segregate as long
as they kept the groups equal. seperate but equal.


Ch. 8.4:

-Explain what people did for entertainment in the late 1800's and early 1900s sports getting more common an spectating.... coney island--amusement parks...mags and newspapers...biking...