Silk Road- a trade route that allowed many different regions to gain access to goods
Hinduism:
- the worlds most tolerant religion
Four main denominations:
-Saivism, Shaktism, Vaishnavism, Smartism
Beliefs:
-believed in a supreme God and believed in rebirth and reincarnation
-Brahma-the least worshiped God and is depicted with four heads(CREATOR)
-Vishnu-the second Hindu deity-put in charge of the preservation and restoration of the universe-associated with sun (PRESERVER)
-Shiva-the third Hindu deity-the God put in charge of the destruction of the universe so that it may be rebuilt (DESTROYER)
Priests controlled the religion and its beliefs
-invented reincarnation brought back to life as a higher or lower status depending on their karma
-as priests they may read or recite the holy texts to those present
-have multiple holy holidays
-worshiped in temples, Hindu homes, mostly temples
Buddhism:
-Siddhartha Guatama was founder of Buddhism
-he was looking for enlightenment, wisdom, in the forests for six years
-had 4 noble truths
-the 4th says the way to overcome such desires and attain enlightenment is to follow the Eightfold Path, called the middle way between desire and self-denial
-believed in reincarnation
-Nirvana-release from selfishness and pain
-Monks
-Buddhism affected trade, it has different forms
-some Buddhists worshiped Buddha as God
-Theravada-"ancient teaching"-oldest surviving branch of Buddhism that is known of
-also closest to original Buddhism that any other form.
-is the main religion of Sri Lanka
-Stupas are temples and means heap and have symbolized elements
-are holy monuments
-they look like a dome
-contain artifacts and stuff about Buddhism
-people meditate in stupas
Buddhism and Hinduism Art:
-Hinduism art focused on spiritual concepts and had lots of drawings
-Hinduism architecture build an iron pillar and built statues and sculptures
-stupas are one of the oldest Buddhist examples of art and architecture
-relic is a part of a deceased holy persons body or belongings kept as an object of reverence
-Buddhism art used wood, bamboo, brick, and thatch to make their sculptures
-also had paintings such as footprint, empty seat, or a stupa
-the figure of Buddha started to change
-and it went from simple to complicated
Military:
-India military used elephants, chariots, infantry and archers in their main military campaign
-in 327 BC Alexander the great invaded and conquered parts of India
-then Seleucid Gains power of India
-Chandragupta buys the land from Seleucid for 500 elephants
-Gupta military relied a lot o archers and infantry
-were very disciplined and had good commanders
-had a rep for steel weapons
-maintained a navy to use coastal waters
-used the longbow very effectively
-Mauryan military had 4 main parts.. infantry, cavalry, elephants, and chariots
-had shields that were made of leather
-used spears maces and swords
-covered by gold and jewels
-and used scale coats for armor in their military
-Shishinaga military was the third riling dynasty of Magahda
-expanded to most of Bengal
-battled their neighbors and used weapons against them
-Nanda military had 2000 infantry, 80000 calvary, 8000 chariots, 6000 war elephants
-extended from Bengal in the east to Punjab in the west
-some say were the first empire builders in the history of India
-weapons.. war elephants, bamboo bow, and indian khanda
Kalidasas- an Indian poet and author that belonged to the Gupta empire
Aryabhata- was a mathematician who started the numerical value for pi
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