Today we presented on our WWII projects
You can find the link to our project which is Pearl Harbor Here
Causes for Europe to Join WWII:
- The points of the Treaty of Versailles that Hitler broke.
- The great depression
- Hitler's action in the 1930's like breaking the treaty of Versailles
- Mussolini's action like attacking countries
- Failure of the League of Nations
Causes for Asia
- The great Depression
- Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931
- Japanese invasion of China in 1937
Causes for Unites States
- Quit Trading supplies (oil) with japan in the summer of 1941
- Tough Policies towards japan in Fall 1941
- Pearl Harbor Attack
Effects of WWII on other countries
- German Nazi party was completely destroyed and Germany was broken up into 4 zones
- Japanese cities were destroyed from bombing and japan was placed under military rule
- most deaths ever in a war
- United Nations starts
- Major Powers of the world were discovered
- Cold War-US vs USSR
Next is North Africa campaign/Italy here
- Took place in North Africa from June, 1940 to May, 1943.
- Took place in the Libyan and Egyptian deserts also in Morocco, Algeria and ended in Tunisia
- The campaign was fought between the Allies (GB, France, U.S.) and Axis Powers (Germany(Afrika Corps), Italy, Vichy French)
- The area was in conflict due to colonial interests dating back to the late 1800's
- The Unites States began direct military assistance in North Africa in May, 1942
- Operation Husky-Began on July 10, 1943 Involved a land/ airborne invasion on the southern shore of Sicily… Their ultimate goal was to capture Messina but it’s coast was too heavily fortified Allies captured Sicily in August, 1943 with little resistance as most of the troops in Messina had retreated to the mainland.
- Invasion of Italy
- German Commander Kesselring had set up defensive lines all across the narrow peninsula
- Major Generals
- Erwin Ronald- German Leader in Africa was known as the Desert Fox, Fought in WWI, No proof that he joined the Nazi's. Rewrote his life story to make him seem better. He was known as the desert fox because he was very skilled at warfare. Near the end of the war after the North African conquest failed he was moved to the Atlantic wall. He was later thought to be part of the murder of Hitler so the government told him either kill himself or go on trial and they will kill him and his family.
- Albert Kesselring- was part of the german Air Force
US war in the Pacific against Japan here
Us war in the Pacific against Japan
battles: philippines, iwo jima, okinawa, battle of coral sea, midway, doolittle's raid
navajo code talkers
atomic bombs on nagasaki and hiroshima
major generals in the united states that fought against japan
strategies
BATTLES
Philippines happened june,19-20,1944
it was a major naval battle
it took place during the Untied States amphibious invasion of the Mariana Islands during the pacific war
the battle was the last of five major carrier versus carrier engagements between americans and japanese naval forces
major generals for america were Raymond A. Spruance and Marc A. Mitscher
the battles nickname was the Great Marianas Turkey Shoot
The Americans Won
fought february 19- March 26 1945
it was also called Operation Detachments it was a major battle in which the us armed forces fought for, the captured the island of Iwo Jima for the Japanese Empire.
Americans won
Commanders
Holland Smith
Marc Mitscher
Graves B. Erskine
Clifton Cates
Keller E. Rockey
Chester W. Nimitz
Raymond A. Soruance
strengths 70,000 U.S. Marines, Navy Army
Casualties
americans
6821 killed
2 captured but recovered
19,217 wounded one
escort carrier sunk
Japan
18,844 killed
216 prisoners
3,000 hiding
Battle of Okinawa
largest amphibious assault in the pacific war of WWII
began april 1945
lasted 82 days
fought on the ryukyu islands of okinawa
invasion was supported by naval, amphibious, and tactical air forces
the battle was nicknamed “typhoon of steel” because of the kamikaze attacks
japanese surrendered less than 2 months after the end of the battle
the allies won
casualties: 77,166 japanese soldiers killed, 14,009 ally soldiers killed, 150,000 civilians killed
Doolittle's Raid
also known as Tokyo raid
took place on april 18th 1942
it was a air raid
commanders James H. Dolittle
3 dead
8 pows
15 b-25s
Coral Sea
-fought may 4-8th 1942 it was major naval battle
Commanders
-Frank J. Fletcher
-John Crace
-Thomas C. Kinkaid
-Aubrey Fitch
-George Brett
Strengths
-2 fleet carries
-9 cruisers
-13 destroyers
-2 oilers
-1 seaplane tender
-128 carrier aircraft
lost
-1 fleet carrier
-1 destroyer
-1 oiler
-69 aircrafts
-656 killed
Midway
was one of the most important naval battles of world war 2
between june 4 and 7 1942
Major Generals
Chester W Nimitz
Frank Jack Fletcher
Raymond A. Spruance
Casualties
1 carrier sunk
1 destroyer sunk
150 aircrafts destroyed
307 killed
Navajo Code Talkers
-Navajo indians were recruited for the US Marines as code talkers in 1942
-Philip Johnston came up with the idea to use the Navajo language for military purposes
-Navajo language was an unwritten language of extreme complexity
-By December 7, 1941, only 30 non-Navajo people (no Japanese) could understand the Navajo language
-The Navajo code was slightly different from their language (A Navajo soldier taken POW by the Japanese couldn’t understand the Navajo code)
-Navajos could encode, transmit, and decode a 3-line english message in 20 seconds, much faster than encoding machines
-They were a part of every assault the Marines took conducted in the Pacific
-Navajo veterans were honored in 1992 for their contribution to US defense
Yance has island hopping
Island hopping was very difficult for most American fighters to do. It was very expensive, and Japan had control of many of the islands that the americans “Hopped” onto. After a little time the island hopping paid off because the USA gained control over many of the islands that Japan had control of at one time. The USA
Atomic Bombings (Manhattan Project)
-Idea of a nuclear bomb started around 1930
-Idea was never taken seriously, even with the support of Albert Einstein
“What would America want with such a weapon?” -Franklin Roosevelt
-War with Germany and Japan made it necessary to produce the weapon
-Robert Oppenheimer started the Manhattan Project
-Though the Axis had no chance of building an A-bomb (no scientists or resources), the Allies rushed research was based on the fear of them making one
-The project cost $2 billion and included 600,000 people for its research and production, yet it stayed completely secret
-The project ended on July 16, 1945 when they successfully tested a plutonium bomb in the New Mexican desert
Atomic Bombings (Hiroshima & Nagasaki)
-Instead of invading Japan at the cost of American lives, it was decided to drop two Atomic bombs on Japanese cities
-The military supply base of Hiroshima was the first target; hit on August 6, 1945
-⅔ the city was destroyed, and about 80,000 died (another 80,000 died from radiation the following years)
-The weapons arsenal of Kokura was the next target, but thick clouds blocked the bomb-aimer’s view
-After flying another 100 miles Southwest, they dropped the bomb on the industrial city of Nagasaki; hit on August 9, 1945
-Nagasaki didn’t suffer as much damage as Hiroshima (less to destroy) but had just as many deaths
-Japan surrendered about a month after on September 2, 1945, ending the war
US Home front here
Holocaust here
!941- Jews thought Eastern Europe are forced into ghettos, in Two days, German units shoot 33,771 Ukraine
1942-Nazi officials announce "final solution'- their plan to kill all European Jews. Five Death camps begin operation in Poland: Majdanek, Sobibor, Treblinka, Belzec, and Auschwitz-Birkenau. Ghettos of Eastern Europe are being emptied as thousand of Jews are shipped to death camps. The United States, Great Britain all learned about these death camps.
1943- Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto resist as the Nazis begin new rounds of deportations. These Jews hold out for nearly a month before the Nazis put down the uprising.
1944- Hitler takes over Hungary and begins deporting 12,000 Hungarian Jews each day to Auschwitz where they are murdered.
1945- Hitler is defeated and World War II ends in Europe. The Holocaust is over and the death camps are emptied. Many survivors are placed in displaced persons camps until they find a country willing to accept them.
1947- The United Nations establishes a Jewish homeland in British- controlled Palestine, which becomes the State of Israel in 1948.
Why did the US and Allies win WWII?
Near the top of Production of food medical supplies ammunition ETC. Woman were very strong and did all the jobs the men did when they were at war and also nursed during the war. The Navajo code talkers and those who have deciphered their codes. Ultra- German code, Magic- Japanese code. War bonds and the people that bought them. Making sure that there was enough food and rationing the food. Shear number of people we had fighting in the war. We had better allies. Better technology. Also the troops and the president and the Generals. Japanese and German mistakes like pearl Harbor and invade China and Germany spreading out their troops in Africa and declaring war on the U.S.
Tell what happened at pearl harbor (specifics like the date, why they did it, how they did it, how many planned attacks, how many attacks were there, etc.)
Tell me about what happened in the war in the Pacific
The about the war in europe
Tell about the homefront
Then we started the cold war project and we got the Berlin Wall
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