We did Blog Discussions today (see below):
We also continued taking Notes (see below):
Diary of Anne Frank—had a diary she wrote everything that happened during the Holocaust
WWII documentary (WWII in Color)—the Nazis took over 11 countries and millions of people
The Boy in the Striped Pajamas—a boy becomes friends with a boy who is in a concentration camp and he tries to help his friend find his dad
Saving Private Ryan—D-day Invasion, they had to save a boy named Private Ryan
Documentary—about Hitler taking over a country- Hitler fought on two fronts
Hart’s War—Hart gets interrogated by German soldiers and got put in a prisoners of war camp
The Big Red One—setting in Africa then in Italy—true story-the person who wrote it was a WWII veteran
Pearl Harbor—Rafe falls in love with a nurse-Everyone thought Rafe died, but he did not-Danny fell in love with the same nurse-Rafe comes back and realizes Danny is with the nurse-Danny Dies in China-Rafe marries the nurse, but they have Danny’s baby and name him Danny
WWII HD—D-day during WWII
The Band of Brothers—War Buddies
Miracle of Santa Anna—Italian Trader-African American soldiers-ordered an attack and trapped them on the German side
Japan
Dictatorship also came to Japan
-not through a political party but the military-taken over by the military
History
-rich military tradition
-feudal clans fought each other for dominance in Japan
-The Emperor presided over the Japanese government
-came form divine origin
-descendent of the Sun Goddess-scene as a god
-played minor role in the government
-he was above politics
-shogun had the political power
-ruled in the name of the Emperor
Japanese society
- 1. Landowning clans dominated
-protected by the samurai
- 2. Wealthy merchant class
- 3. Peasants
-most of the people of Japan
Japan was very isolated until 1853 when US Commodore Matthew Perry sailed in to Japan and forced them to open their ports
In the late 1800’s many Japanese were tired of being controlled by foreign countries.
-adopted western ways in hopes to keep Western Powers out of their country
- 1. heavy industry
- 2. modern army
- 3. strong navy—after great Britain-strongest navy in the world
Showed off new power in several wars
- 1. Sino-Japanese War
-1894-95
-Japan won—sino is china
- 2. Russo-Japanese War
-1904-05
-Japan shocked the world by beating Russia
-gained partial control of Manchuria
- 3. World War I
-allied with the US
-gained German Islands in the Pacific after the war
JAPAN BECAME THE MOST POWERFUL COUNTRY IN ASIA
1920’s
-gave all men the right to vote
-signed the 4, 5 and 9 Power Pacts-respect the islands in the pacific, free trading rights for countries to China, and
-joined the League of Nations
-signed the Kellog-Briand Pact-outlawed war
1930’s
-Great Depression changed everything
-people blamed the government for tough times
-military leaders stepped in and took control
-said Japan had to expand in to Asia to help economy
-assassinated political leaders that opposed them
-took away people’s rights
Japan depended on imports from U.S. –but the high tariffs stopped them from trading with us
Japanese Military Honor
- 1. fight to the death
- 2. commit suicide rather than surrender
- 3. gekokujo
-open defiance of superior officers by junior officers
-seen as a positive thing
-shows the spirit of the soldier
-soldiers take upon themselves to do what they want to do
Japan Invasion of Manchuria
- The league of nations could not enforce the authority
- Great Britain and France wanted to avoid war at all costs
- Other powers would use this as a sign that they too could get away with the use of force
- The league also lost its most powerful member in the far east—Japan
1932
FDR vs. Hoover-people blamed Hoover for bad economy
Good Neighbor Policy—makes sure Hitler and Mussolini don’t get Latin America on their side
Ethiopia invaded by Mussolini in 1935
- Italy lost its Ethiopia colony in Africa at the 1896 Battle of Adua
- One of the worst colonial disasters of modern history
- 2-23-1935- Italy sends large forces into Ethiopia
- 10-7-1935-league of nations declared Italy the aggressor
League of Nations condemned the action
11-18-1935 League of Nations sanctions begin
--arms embargo, financial embargo, non-importation of Italian goods
--Feb. 1936-league of nations could not agree on ethical oil sanctions mainly because FDR refused—US controlled 50% world of trade
Feb 29-1936-FDR signed the 1936 Neutrality Act
- 1. mandatory arms embargo with warning nations
- 2. mandatory ban on loans to warning nations
May 5-Italy occupies ----annexed all Ethiopia May 9
1936-1939—the Spanish civil war
--Generalissimo Francisco Franco was neutral
Hitler and Mussolini help him get into power
Hitler sent troops their, got to try out tanks and weapons, give troops experience
1936
FDR vs. Alf Landon
Rome-Berlin Axis-1936
-Official alliance between Germany and Italy
-
Pearl Harbor
In July, 1941, Japan invaded French Indochina
Indochina was too large
In response, the US stops trading with Japan
Due to embargo, Japan felt it had three options:
- 1. abandon ambitions in South East Asia
- 2. compromise with the US
- 3. attack Dutch and British possessions in the Pacific and US bases in the Pacific
Yamamoto felt that if Japan had any chance of winning a war against the US it must destroy the US Pacific fleet in a surprise attack
Rape of Nanking 1937—20,000 women or children were raped and killed by Japanese soldiers
Quarantine Speech-1937—Franklin Roosevelt’s famous speech, he was shifting his attention to what was happening over seas and the New Deal ended, China was invaded twice by Japan. The U.S. and other Countries Needed to Quarantine Japan, Germany, Italy and Soviet Union.
A surprise attack would give Japan at least six months to dominate SE Asia unopposed
Japan thought that the US then would face a long, bloody struggle and would settle for a negotiated peace that would allow Japan to do as it pleased in Asia
Tojo replaces Konoye as Premier of Japan. Konoye wanted to negotiate with the US. Tojo didn’t and had a low regard of the US
Tojo wanted war but Emperor Hirohito wanted on last peace attempt.
Japan offered this:
1. Open door policy everywhere and Japan would withdraw from
French Indochina
2. US would stop Lend-Lease Aid to China and start trading with Japan again
3. Japan would start peace talks with China
US refused plan on November 29th
US took a hard line stance with Japan now because we had deciphered their diplomatic code(Magic) and knew that they had some type of attack plan.
Magic Information
“November 29th is the deadline”
“things are automatically going to happen”
Japan felt that the key to success in the Pacific was air and sea power
-especially launching airplanes from aircraft carriers and submarines attacking enemy ships
Japan had ten aircraft carriers to our three in the Pacific(based in Pearl Harbor)
Japanese Pearl Harbor Attack Plan
- 1. destroy three aircraft carriers, eight battleships, seven cruisers and other small ships
- 2. attack Wake Island and Guam
- 3. attack Malay and Hong Kong
- 4. attack Philippines, Dutch East Indies and Burma
Japanese attack force consisted of:
- 1. Six aircraft carriers
- 2. 360 airplanes
-Kate High level bombers
-dive and torpedo bombers
-Zero fighters
- 3. two battleships, three cruisers, eight destroyers
Admiral Nagumo commanded the force
To succeed, Japan had to travel 3,500 miles without being detected. That meant absolute radio silence and travelling through a vast, lonely expanse of the Pacific Ocean. This attack had to be a complete surprise.
“Backdoor to War” Conspiracy
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