Power Countries
Great Britan-allie power
Germany--dominate power house(allied powers)
France-allie power
United States --1917 went into the world war one (allied powers)
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Russia-got out of 1917 becuase of Bolshevik revolution(communites revoultion) allie power
Japan
Italy-allie power
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Protugal- allie power
Belgium
Austria-Hungary
Spain
Turkey
-Assination of archduke franz ferdinand
Russia
-wants control of the Dardenelle and Bosporus straits in Turkey
Austria-Hungary
-self preservation
Germany
-wanted part of france
-wanted Luxembourg and Belgium
-wanted most of western Russia
-make Austria-Hungary and the Balkans a ''sphere of influence"
-take over French and British colonies in Africa
-almost 5 million deaths
United States
-117,000 people deaths in america
-win and end the war
-wilson's 14 points
Neutraility
1916 Election
-woodrow wilson (democrat)-incumbent
-Charles Evans Hughs
Causes for Us. involvement in WW1
-U.S. very upset with both sides in war
-gb and germany were both stoping us ships
-Eventually us drew closer to war and allies
1-why? germans were sinking british ships and killing american people
2-Zimmerman note
-was a coded telegram sent by the foreign secretary of the german empore, arthur smimmermann, on January 16. 1917
-it was sent to the german ambassador in the united states of america, Johanna von Berns
-zimmermann message said on the first of febuary we intended to begin unrestricted submarine warfard. in spite of this, it is our intention to endeavor to keep the united states f america neutral
-in the even to this not succeeding we propose an alliance n the following basis with mexico: that we shall make war together and make peace together. we shall give gernerous financial support, and the understanding on our part that mexico is the reonquer the lost territory in new mexico, texas, and arizona the details of settlement are left to you
-you are instruced to inform the president [of mexico] of the above in the greatest confidence as soon as it is certain that there will be an outbreak of war with the united states and suggest that the presidnet, on his own initiatice, invite japan to immdeiate adherence
-beliefs of war hawks
a teddy roosevelt
3-Trade with england increased, germany decreaded as years went on
a. $3 billion in 1916 with england
5. british and american propaganda
show examples
6. Preparedness program (1915)
u.s. stated arming and preparing for war
7. american business
munitions business pushed U.s. into war to make money
8. german declaration of "unlimited submarine warfare"
ties with #1
-sussex pledge said that germany would not sink any passanger ships and they would give warning before skinking ships
-propaganda goals- to try to get all americans to support war in some way
Comittee on Public information
***how did we pay for ww1?
income taxes. and liberty loans-you loaning the government money...you had to give them 2% of what you were worth
Wilson’s 14 Points :
1. An end to secret treaties
-there were alot of secret allinaces being made during this time
-it leads to alot of distrust which leads to war
2. Freedom of the seas
-wanted everyone to able to travel in the seas with out having to worry bout being killed
3. Free trade for all countries
-it was kinda the open door policy. where everyone can trade with china,
-it would get rid of the competion issue which would lead to war
4. Disarmament
-for all countries.
-he relized that militerizum lead to war
-so if every country made there military smaller it would illimitate this and make the world a safer place
5. End to colonial claims
-imperialum was a major part in the war and he was saying all countries should quit taking land from other countries. and potetially give independence to those coununtries
6. Self-determination for all countries- Russia
7. Restoration of Belgium
8. Restoration of France
9. Readjustment of Italy’s boundaries
10. Austria- Hungary would be given opportunity for autonomous development
11. Romania, Serbia, and Montenegro should be evacuated and restored
12. Turkey should be sovereign (independent)
13. Poland would be given their independence
14. The “League of Nations” would be developed
-world wide peace keeping orgainzation
-this was his biggest thing he wanted to get accomplished in the treaty.
-he thought that if there was a place where countries could work out there problems than there wouldnt be as many wars.
About Wilson's 14 points
-the fourteen points was a speech delivered by president woodrow wilson to congress on January 8th, 1918
-the address was intended to assure the country that the great war (WWI) was being fought for a moral cause and for post war peach in Europe
-other allied countries did not like the 14 points as they thought it was too easy on Germany
-the sppech became the basis for the terms of the German surrender, as negotiated at the Paris Peach Confrence in 1919
-the actual Treaty of Versailles had little to do with the Fourteen Points and so was never ratified by the U.S. Senate
Countries that were created at the end of WWI
-Czechoslovakia
-germany signed to stop fighting becuase they thought that the 14 points were the tready.
focus on 1-5 and number 14.
Tready of Versailles
-germany lost alot of land
-and lost colonies
-dismantnteled germany's army, no airforce, no tanks, only allwed 6 capital naval ships and no submarines
-france got a buffer zone between them and it was demilitarized zone or the dmz
-germany had to pay 33 million dollars. most of it went to great britan and france
League of Nations
-5 perminate members
-G.B., France, Italy, U.S. and japan
-for non-permanent members that rotated
-all members must submit disputes for investigation, arbitration, and settlement
-if member nation ignored, league could take action
-What type of action
-economic sanctions
-france wanted an international army but US and GB did not
-germany and Soviet Union were not allowed to join right away
-U.S. never joined
****** 1920 election.
republic-isolation
democrats- league of nations
Mr bruns pod cast!!!!
1. Causes of WWI--MINES and assassination of Ferdinand
M-militarism-in the late 1800's many countries were building up their miliary,navy, army. this is not a peaceful move.
I- imperalism- they were taking colonies. and building there empier. we were invovled in this. most countries did this. this lead to competion
N- nationalism- small amouts are like being patriotic to you country. its good to have a little nationalism but not good to have alot. hitler is a good example becuase he thought germans were better than everyone else so he killed anyone else. national insults were terrible
E- Economic competion- this is countries competing for colonies, resources, money, power.
S-system of Alliances- other countries that have your back. if you get attacked then they are going to join the war and help you. which is the whole point. countries did this becuase they didnt trust people
-all of this made everyone so much more likely to go to war
-arch duke ferdinand was the next in line to be the king of Austria-Hungy. he was killed in savario by Gabrielle Prince
-It was a consperiacy. there were about 5 people working to get this. because they hated it. they wanted all serbians to be part of serbians.
- Austria hungry sends out a allitmadium saying that if they dont they will go to war. serbia doesnt want it so austria goes to war with serbia.
-russia for serbia. germany for austria hungary. france gets in to support russia. great britan suppports france.
- becuase all of europe is at war that means all the colonies are at war which also means that the whole world is at war.
-powder kege. is the bawlikin punisala. it was nicked named the poweder kege becuase of all the different ethnic groups in that area. and many of them didnt get along,
if it wasnt for MINES there probably would not have been a World War One. or at least not this world war one
2. Trench warfare and weapons used
-main way was trenches. which was a man made ditch and it helped protect you from fire. and in between the countries trenches was no mans land which was filled with barb wire to help slow down the process of making it across.
-most of the time they used machine guns to shoot people. becuase of the way the trenches worked they killed alot of people this way.
-starting on slide 36. is alot of pictures on this
-they had flare guns, granade launchers. banets, trench clubs, flame throwers. hand pistorls. gas.
GAS
-Tear gas- least worried bout gas
-mustard gas would lead to internal bleeding and eventually death.
-cloyene wasnt as poisonious as mustart gas was but it was still very poisonus
-only war where gas was used legally. all countries voved not to used gas again.
-they could only used the gas if the air was in the right direction because they didnt want it coming back on to them.
-gas masked helped some but not all that much.
-mustard gas would also go for the skin so you dint have to inhale it to make you sick.
-other weapons were tanks, airplans, artilary guns, submairnes, u boats, battle ships, blimps that were used to spying and send down bombs
3. US neutrality and causes for US involvement in WWI
-in 1914 we declared that wer would be neutral and didnt want them to choose between countries becuase of all the immigrants.
-1916 he ran for his second term. his plat from was that he had kept us out of war.
-on his power point slid 94
- we got involved in war because germany was sinking ships that had passengers along with artilary on them.
-a few months before we got into the war germany sent out a notice saying that they would bomb any ship no matter what with out notice.
-germany knew that this would bring us into the war. but they thought gb would get out of the war before we could get in the war.
-for awhile germany tried to keep us out of the wary by apeasing us.
-after they sank the sussix they issued the sussix pledge saying that would not sink any more passanger ships with out warning.
--the 2nd biggest reason was the zimmerman note
-this note was written by arthur zimmermann he was a german foregin secreatary and he was sending anote to mexico urging them to get in the war with the United States. if and when they wont germany and by default mexico would recoqure the land that was taken from them in the mexican american war. we were not on terms with mexico. and mexico didnt accept the alliance. and with in a month and 5 days we were at war with germany
-other causes were war hawks beliefs
-trade with england kept increasing and we were economically tied to the war.
-british propoganda. which showed germans as ape like beast people who would rape people.
-the prepardness program. by preparing for war if and wen
-the night committee came back and said we should get in to get money to bussiness
-ex. cars before war. tanks during war.
4. US Homefront
-the us homefront was what the home country is doing to help the war.
--Propaganda
-persuasive advertising.
-trying to get people to do there part for the war.
-consever food, women helping. to become a nurse, to buy war bonds. in power point.
-made germans look like beasts rapists.
-trying to get people to help with war effort and do what ever they could to help.
--War Industries Board
-heading by barnard baruke
-this made sure the industry was making as much as the industry was making as much money as they could, becuase the country with the most resouces is normally the country that wins the war.
--Food Administartion
-headed up by herbert hoover
-this organization was trying to get people to conserve meat by haveing meatless days and meatless weeks. so they could send the meat acrosst to the soldiers.
-also wanted people to plant victory gardens.
-slogans food will win the war.
-they were a very important part of the war
--Committee on Public Information
-the leader was george creeal
-this organization was basically the propaganda orgainization
-there job was to try to get peopl to join and help in there own way.
-they did most of the propanganda
-the song that he sang was about trying to get people to help and do what they could to support the war.
-they tried to americanize things as much as they could.
-british measles became liberty measles
-hamburger became liberty steak
-no one spoke german becuase they didnt want to be noticed. and if they spoke it ment they were supported the germans
- the uncle sam poster saying i want you was made specifically for world war one. and its still used today
-National War Labor Board
-this was headed up by former pres. William Howard Taft
-they relized that going on strike hurt war by slowing down the war efforts so they helped settle issues between workers and companies
-and they discorgured strike
-there slogan was if your not gonna go fight then the least you can do is take the place of the men and go work in a factory.
-even if you dont get paid alot it can help the war in a way
-and after war you can go on strike.
-they did a good job of keeping the strikes away.
-we didnt loose nearly as many people as some countries which helped with the peace part after war.
5. Wilson's 14 Points
- up abaove
6. Treaty of Versailles
-named after the palace where they ment to negotioate the terms teaty
-it was a combination of wilson's 14 points and
-france thought this was way to easy on germany. because germany had attacked them twice in 40 years and most of the land and cities were torn apart.
-and where the trenches were at.
-great brittan brought the two countries together
-us. gb. france. itially were all there.
-major changes in the map of europe.
- slide 138 has the maps
-finland came from russia
-etonia, lithoania came out of russia
-poland came from germany, austria hungary, and russia
-cezilavockia came out of germany and austria hungry
-romainia gained land form austria hungry
-austria an dhungry became two smaller countries of there own.
-yugaslavia. was formed from southern europe
-germany lost alot of land to france, belgium, cezicalavakia.
-this treaty was wat pushed him to alot of what he did.
-lost countries over seas to france, great britan and japan. and in asia
- had to reduce miliatry to 100,000 men
-no tanks or airforce, no submarines
-naval size was 6.
-rinleand area was not allowed any military
-financile conquences were 33billion dollars to great britan, france
-war guilt clause. and they had to take total responsibility for the war
-set up the league of nations. 5 perment nations. we did not become a member
-foour other countries would routate in every so many years
- if there was a probalem then the countries would go to the league and settle the issue and they had to abide by the dission
-it was a failed treaty becuase of world war 2
7. Why US never ratified Treaty of Versailles
-woodrow wilson came back and thought it was great but the senate had to like it. and they didnt because he was a democrate and the senate was controled by republicans
-they but heads.
-republicans didnt want it at all
-they didnt like the league of nations. and they thought we would be at war trying to stop war
-knowing that congress would not take it he decided to travel all across america talking to the people to see what they want.
-during the trip he got sick and they eventually voted and it was 56-36 and it was turned down.
-most did not like the league of nations
-all came to a head in 1920's election
-people wanted isloation which turned out to be a terrible thing.
- one december 7th 1940 we were attacked by japan which brought us into the war.
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