monday dang
Causes of World War I
-Militarism: country has a strong army and navy and sometimes relying on that to settle disputes
-Imperialism: taking over colonies. countries have boundary disputes. competition for land, power, and money. wanted land controlled by colonies in africa and middle east.
-Nationalism: having great devotion or loyalty for your country.
-Economic competition:
-System of Allies: Allied Powers, Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, United States. Central Powers, Germany, Turkey, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria
*Chain of Events
-assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand sparks war (Black Hand)
-Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia
-Germany declares war on Russia
-France enters to help Russia
-Great Britain enters to help France
*Powers
-Great Britain, Germany, France, United States
-Russia, Japan, Italy
-Portugal, Belgium, Austria-Hungary, Spain, Turkey
U.S Neutrality
-neutrality: don't pick sides
Weapons
-trench warfare: front line, support, reserve, "no man's land"
-trench foot: YUCK
-gas attacks: chlorine gas, mustard gas
-flame throwers, grenades, machine guns, tanks
-submarines/u-boats, zeppelins, airplanes
-TESTED GAS MASKS ON PUPPIES
Causes for U.S. involvement in WWI
-u.s. was upset with both sides in war because g.b. and Germany were both stopping our ships
-the zimmermann note: germany said they were going to start unrestricted submarine warfare with us
-beliefs of War Hawks: teddy roosevelt
-trade with england increased, germany decreased
-british and american propaganda
-preparedness program
-american business
-german declaration of "unlimited submarine warfare"
sussex pledge
propaganda: persuasive advertising
-Germany portrayed in propaganda as raping and killing women and children.
-U.S. payed for war with taxes and war bonds.
-National War Labor Bond: settled disputes between workers and employers, discouraged strikes, led by W.H. Taft.
-Casualties- 16.5 million dead. Armenian genocide in Turkey
The Paris Peace Process.
What is the Paris Peace Process? its where the peace conference was held during WWI. It took place in Paris in 1919 and involved diplomats from 29 countries. The Peace of Paris Treaties reshaped the map of Europe and the world and punished Germany.
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Describe Wilson's 14 points-a speech deliverd by president wilson to congress. The address was intended to assure the country that WWI was being fought for a moral cause and for postwar peace in Europe. Said that we were in the war to change the world and not to just take land from people. The other countries thought it was dumb that we were going to easy on Germany. The 14 points is what Wilson wanted treaty of versailles to be but what he wanted did not happen. The Treaty of Versailles ended up being big on punishing Germany. Europe got a lot more countries, Germany, Poland, Latvia, Finland, and Yugoslavia
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Describe the Treaty of Versailles in detail and the impact it had on Germany and Europe-Germany lost a lot of territory. League of Nations took over colonies of Germany. France really wanted Germany to be punished. They wanted to hurt there army. Killed the German military. Franve got Rhineland, it was in Germany but the area wouldn't allow German soldiers or weapons. Sort of a safe zone between Germany and France. Financial-Germany had to pay 33 billion dollars for war damages, most of it went to Great Britain and France, but they used it to pay us back since they owed us.
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League of Nations: five permanent members- Great Britain, France, Italy, U.S. (never joined), Japan. Four non-permanent members that rotated. All members must submit disputes for investigation, arbitration, and settlement. Germany and Soviet Union not allowed to join right away.
-Why U.S. didn't ratify Treaty of Versailles? U.S. senators thought joining it would push us into war constantly.
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