Monday, April 8th

[6Jacob]

First Coalition
-1792-1797
-fought against revolting/revolutionizing France, and other countries
-was the first major effort to contain Rev France
-France declared war on the Habsburg monarchy in Austria on April 20, 1792, and the Kingdom of Prussia joined the Austrian side soon after

Countries involved in 1^st Coalition: Habsburg Monarchy (Austria), Rome, Prussia, Britain, French Royalists, Spain (to 1795), Portugal

Opposition: French Republic, Spain (from 1796), Batavian Republic, French satellite states, Polish legions

-this war started off as France as the aggressor, even though many people assumed differently
-at the beginning, France suffered major losses and internal issues
-their response was to increase the size of their army
-they made all man ages 18-25 “draftable” to fight in the war
-France was able to regroup and do better
-a few countries quit fighting against France (Prussia and Spain switched sides)
-in 1797, Britain was the only country still fighting against France
-they soon dropped out and France had prevailed

Results
-French victory
-Treaty of Campo Formio- Roman empire gave Austrian Netherlands, Northern Italy was turned into French “sister republics”
-French annexation of the Austrian Netherlands
-several French client republics established
-hostilities resumed in 1798 with the formation of a Second Coalition