US Homefront:
1. Selective Training and Service Act
Allowed people who were 18 to go into the military. Set up the draft (United States institute drafts to try to get their numbers up.
First peacetime draft in US history.
2. Women's role in WWII
Rosie the Riveter represented women in WWII.
Women started working -Factories, nursing, secretaries, farm workers, sales people, waitresses, bus and taxi drivers. --Couldn't win the war without them!
WASP- Women's Army Service Pilots-Flew and test planes.
3. African-American's role in WWII
Many volunteered to fight into the war; Segregated Units.
Not able to fight in the front lines; put off as more as custodians, factories and farmed.
Tuskegee Airman proved that the black can fight in WWII- Did outstanding in their bombing campaign.
4. Asian's role in WWII
Asian's had to wear tags that they were Japanese American soldiers.
They were allowed to fight and not put into segregated units.
They stepped up to the plate and fought for our country; many worked to help bring the war back home just like other Americans.
5. Hollywood's role in WWII
USO-entertaining the people of the US military; Bob Hope.
United Service Organization^^
Looney Tunes would do a lot of propagandas (as well as entertain)
6. Office of Price Administration
-Established in 1941; Set up by FDR- Set up how much the ration coupon books would consist of- Also set up propaganda pieces; help us win the war.
7. War Production Board
Established by FDR- Main purpose was to keep the production up; make factories make as much as they could and as efficient as they could.
8. National War Labor Board
Established by FDR; To stop arguments between factories and employees. Promote workers and also keep strikes down!
9. Why the Homefront helped win the war
-Women stepped up and helped. --War production.
-We were able to make so much supplies for the war that other countries couldn't keep up.
-Hollywood (Helping keep the war positive) -Propaganda.
-National War Labor Board; War Production Board
10. How US/Allies fought back against U-boats
U-Boats are submarines.
-Changed our Naval Code.
-We knew what they were doing through Ultras.
-We sunk a lot of their U-Boats.
-Speed
11. Intelligence gathering--Ultra/Magic
Ultra-- Picking up on their codes (Intereception and Deciphering) --Ultra Secret ; done by the British for the Germans
Magic-- Same thing as Ultra but done by the US into Japans codes-- Because of this, the war had been shortened four to five years.
Radar^^
Huff Duff- locate the sources of enemy radio transmissions.
Hunter Killers- Designed to attack and destroy U-Boats.
12. Operation Barborossa(USSR vs Germany)
The largest military operations-- Germany invasion of the Soviet Union.
Why did Hitler invade the Soviet Union?
-Lebensraum (German people living in Russia)
-Despised the ethnic Slavs.
-Could use the people as slave labor.
-Wanted Ukraine for the farmland.
-Didn't trust Stalin.
3 cities that Hitler was going after-- Leningrad, Moscow, Stalingrad.
Stalingrad was saved! Germans never get to Moscow!
Hitler really wanted Moscow because it was the capital and if you get the capital to surrender, you would probably have the whole country surrender.
The seige of Leningrad- He never invaded Leningrad.
Seige is surrounding a city and starve it.
13. Battle in Africa and Italy
Battle in Africa-
Operation Torch- Invasion of Moroco. The US got control of Moroco.
Vischi France, Italy, and Germany were the ones we were fighting in Africa.
Tank warfare was common in the battles in Africa.
Erwin Rommel was a famous general for Germany- The Desert Fox.
The Axis Powers surrended on 1943. The campaign before a year.
In January 1942- Casablanca Conference- "Unconditional Surrender."
Battle in Italy-
US invaded Sicily. -Allies won; Axis powers were able to withdraw there troops though.
Second Territory we fought after Africa- Churchill believed it was the weaker belly of France.
Tuskegee did most of their bombing in Italy.
Making it difficult to fight there was the mountains.
14. US Generals-Marshall, Eisenhower, Patton, MacArthur, Nimitz, Bradley
Marshall- Chief of Staff of the US military during WWII.
Dwight Eisenhower- Supreme Allied Commander- All Allied Troops.
General George Patton- Famous US General- fought down in Africa and down in Europe after the D-Day invasion.
MacArthur- Basically in charge of the Army that fought against Japan.
Admiral Chester Nimitz-Main head leader of the Navy against Japan.
Bradley- Famous US General that fought down in Africa and Europe.
15. D-Day-Operation Overlord
Operation Overlord- June 6, 1944.
-Airborne Assault.
-Allied invasion of Nazi controlled France.
-The assault was conducted in two phases.
1) an airborne assaault landing.
2)an amphibious landing of Allied infantry and armed divisions on the coast of France.
-Largest amphibious invasion in world history.
Omaha Beach--famous beach that we landed in.
The Atlantic Wall-
Hitler knew that the batlle of D-Day was coming so he created a coastal fortifications to make it harder for the Allies to win this battle. --Kind of like the Maginot Line.
16. Battle of the Bulge
Battle of the Bulge because Germany created a Bulge in the front line.
-Largest and costliest battle for the US.
-Very cold.
-Lots of Casualites.
-The Malmedy Massacre- where 86 American soldiers were captured and murdered.
17. FDR Dies-Truman takes over
FDR was paralyzed from the waste down-Very sick. Died of a hemmorage.
Truman then took over presidency. He was the one who decided to drop the atomic bombs and then the war ends.
18. VE Day
VE day is Victory in Europe day. It is the day that the Axis power surrendered. --May 8th, 1945.
19. Battle in the Pacific-Island Hopping, Philippines, Coral Sea, Midway, Guadalcanal, Iwo Jima, Okinawa,
Island Hopping- It started from Hawaii; and they would go hopping from island to island.
-Starting off of more strategically bigger islands and skip over smaller less important island: it was a good strategy because it wouldn't take as much time. Eventually the smaller island would surrender too.
Philippines- The Bataan Death March- Thousands of Philipinos and Americans were forced to walk 60 miles and many died! Part 2: In 1944, MacArthur returned to the Philippines and we took it back from the Japanese --Japanese lost.
Battle of Coral Sea- The importance of Battle of Coral Sea; it was the first time that Japan didn't win. We stopped their advance for the first time-- to Austraila.
Midway- Six months after Pearl Habor- Japan had plan of taking control of this island. --Japanese aimed to eliminate the US as a strategic power in the Pacific. Magic-- Our first true victory!
Guadalcanal- First battle where the US took the offensive-Importance
Air and Sea battle. --Guadalcanal was an invasion.
Iwo Jima- Another offensive by the US. - Hard battle for us considering we couldn't see them but they could see us. --6,800 US soldiers died. A lot of casualties. (The flag raising)
Okinawa- Similiar to Iwo Jima- Had the most casualites in all the battles of the Pacific. -We were bombing Japan big time around this time.
20. Navajo Code Talkers
They worked on the Pacific Front- Young Navajo guys that created a code using their Navajo language. --Using this code we had away with communicating without Axis powers figuring out our code.
29 code talkers in all.
21. Doolittle's Raid
Bombing run on Japan- Help out our Morale. -Everyone crash landed in China and eventually made it back home.
22. Manhattan Project
-Making of the atomic bomb.
-Made in Manhatten, NY
-Used these bombs for Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
-General Leslie Groves lead the Manhatten Project.
-The scientist of this was J Robert Oppenheimer.
-Alamogrodo, New Mexico was where the test bomb was located. (Trinity)
-Named the "Little Boy"
23. Hiroshima bombing
-First place that they used the atomic bomb.
-Many people died of the bomb and even side effects like radiation.
-Casualties- over 200,000.
24. Nagasaki bombing
(Look at blog)
25. VJ Day
Victory in Japan Day- When Japan Surrendered. -August 14th 1945
26. Yalta Conference
-Germany would be broken into four occupational zones (US, GB, France, and USSR)
-Stalin promised free elections in Eastern Europe
-Stalin promised to join the war against Japan after war with Germany was over.
-Have a conference at San Francisco to set up the United Nations.
27. Nuremburg Trials
-People were sentenced to dealth.
28. Japanese Internment Camps in US
29. Why did we win the war?
30. GI Bill of Rights
Help transition WWII soldiers back into everyday life.
-Help get a home, college, jobs.
-They couldn't break our code, but we could figure out theirs.
Comments