Selective Training and Service Act 1940
- first peacetime draft in us history (we were not at war)
- used until 1973 to fill military needs
- After 1973 US military depended on volunteers to fill needs
- basically forcing people to join the military
Women in WWII
- women can help the war by working in the factories
- Rosie The Riveter- represented women workers in WWII
- they could do a lot more than working in the home
- women also were nurses to soldiers
- Waitresses, time keepers, elevator operators, teachers...
- every branch in the gov, had a section for women
- WAVES- womens navy
- WASP- womens army service pilots
- African American women also worked in factories
African- Americans In WWII
- half a million served in europe
- not allowed white soldiers
USO- United Service Organizations
- provided entertainment for the soldiers in the war
- presented performances all over the world to troops
Continued blog discussions
War Production Board
- regulates America's supplies and puts limits on supplies
- rationed things they needed for the war
National War Labor Board
- helped workers get more rights in the eight hour day
How the US homefront help win the war
- we made so many products that helped the war
- women, africans, asians helped a lot
- hollywood played important role in keeping spirits up
How we Fought Back
- Convoy System- german U boats would go out and single out merchant ships going to GB with supplies and get them down with battle ships
- british changed the codes halfway through so the germans couldn't decipher it
- through the use of sonar we would figure out where german u boats were and we would avoid them
--Intelligence Gathering
- magic was for US and it was for deciphering japan's codes and evaluate the message
- we knew what they were doing
- ultra was the british decipherer same thing as magic-- germany's messages
- we gave germany false info. on D-Day
- Allied Inteligence was top secret
- Enigma- germany transfered messages through codes
- we also had weapons that would go after german u boats
- depth charges
Operation Barbarosa
- Why did hitler invade the soviet union- wanted the land, despised the slavs (russians), wanted the farmland, use people for slave labor, he thought stalin was going to attack him at one point
- the german invasion of the soviet union
- biggest land invasion in world history
- summer of 1941
- 4.5 million german soldiers
- russia and germans lost more people than we have ever lost in any wars combined
- 3 cities- Moscow, Leningrad, and Stalingrad
---battle of stalingrad
- lot of oil fields
- invaded in june of 41
- hitler had control of 90% of the city and then another winter set in
- soldiers were left with 2 options- fight the germans or be killed by own people
- 200 days
--battle of Moscow
- hitler never got to moscow, 12 miles away
- casualties- dead, missing, injured
- the soviets stopped it
- turning point of the war in russia
- hitler was furious-- fired officers and replaced them with young "newbies"
- he wanted his commanders to do anything he said
- he started calling the shots in the military
- assassination-attempts started happening
--Battle of Leningrad
- hitler decided to surround it
- seizing the city
- stopped 1944
- cannibalism- people ate people
- most costly
- people died everyday
- people were starving to death
- germans never took the city
- soviets never surrendered
- over 1,000,000 civilians were killed
Battle in Africa and Italy
- Erwin Rommel- The Desert Fox- German General
- George Patton- most famous general for us in WWII in africa
- him and montgomery were allies but did not like each other
- Operation Torch- British- american-- we defeated the germans, italians, and the vichy french
- Casablanca Conference 1942- unconditional surrender for germany- they had to do whatever we told them to do
Italitan Campaign
- Us the british and canada- invaded by air and water- august 1943
- british invaded the toe of italy sept. 3-- gb and france allied powers
- all of the germans retreated may 2 1945
People
- George C Marshall- chief of staff of the US military during WWII- 2nd in command under pres.
- Dwight Eisenhower- supreme allied commander of all allied forces in WWII- 3rd in command
- George Patton- famous us general fought in Africa
- Mcarther- head of the army against japan
- Admiral Chester Nemmits- in charge of the navy against japan
- Omar Bradley- General of WWII- involved in the war in africa and later on in italy after D Day
D Day
- June 6, 1944
- Operation Overlord
- We sent out misinformation to hitler
- we said we would attack in coley
- allied invasion of nazi controlled france
- conducted in two phases
- airborne assault landing shortly after midnight-24,000 British, American, Canadian, and free French troops
- amphibious landing of allied infantry and armored divisions on the coast of France starting at 6;30
- decoy operations to disract the German forces from the real landing areas
- operation was the largest amphibious invasion in world history with over 160,000 troops
- roughly 10,000 allied casualties (6,600 US)
--The Atlantic Wall
- german concrete fortification made as a defense against allied invasion on the mainland from the allies
Battle of the Buldge
- we are pushing germans back into belgium
- in belguim
- people were starving and cities were being destroyed by bombs
- hitler was dilusional
- they created a buldge to try and get to the sea
- germany ran out of fuel and allies were bombing
- worst battle in europe to the united states
- 19,000 americans killed
-FDR Dies of cerebral hemorrhage shortly after inducted into his fourth term-- Truman takes over
-Adolf Hilter's suicide- he and his girlfriend commited suicide together, she took poison and he took poison and shot himself-- he ordered for his body to be burned because he didnt want the soviets to get his body
V-E Day May 8, 1945
- Victory in Europe day
- Nazis give up
Island Hopping
- us armies tacktic to get islands back from japan
- operation kart-wheel
- saved time money and lives
The Battle for the Philippines
- December 7 1941 japan also attacked the philippines
- general Doug McArthur- in charge of the philippines-- forced to leave by FDR
--Bataan Death March
- 75,000 american and filipino POW's to a POW camp- 60 mile forcible transfer
- physical abuse and murder
- japanese officials faced war crime trials after war
- japanese apologized to the US in 2009
.....
- Americans and the filipinos wanted the islands back
- Kamikaze- japanese suicide bombers
- caused a lot of damage
- we did a lot of damage to the japanese Navy
- McArthur returns to the Philippines
Coral Sea
- japan wanted to expand their control by taking new guinea
- they thought they could destroy all of out navy ships because we were so weak after Pearl Harbor
- japan's first major set back
- they lost
- 6 months after pearl harbor
- battle of aircraft carriers-- first in history
- major naval battle
Battle of Midway
- yamamoto wanted to destroy our remaining ships
- aircraft carriers bombed
- our revenge for pearl harbor
- June 4-7, 1942
2 major turning points of the war (japan)
- midway and Coral sea
Guadalcanal
- solomon island archipelago
- significant strategic victory by allied forces over the japanese in the pacific theatre
- marked the transition by the allies from defensice operations to offensive that resulted in japan's eventual surrender and the end of WWII
- jungle
Iwo Jima
- first time we went to japan to attack them
- allies charged the island
- naval and air fighters
- japanese had a tunnel system which made it hard for them to retreat and they were out numbered
Okinawa
- one of the bloodiest battles in the war
- we would bombard the island for days
Navajo Code Talkers
- Code talkers received no recognition until the declassification of the operation
- were given medals
Doolittle's Raid
- we bombed tokyo
- kind of a suicide mission
- crash landed in china
- why we did it- we needed a morale boost
Manhattan Project
- General Groves is in charge
- making the atomic bombs
- scientist in charge- J Robert Oppenheimer- communist
- Alamogordo, New Mexico- place where the atomic bomb was tested for the first time ever-- trinity
- dropped from a tower
ATOMIC BOMBS
- paul tibbets was the pilot of the plane that bombed hiroshima -- little boy bomb
- Nagasaki Bombing- everything was clouded over, they couldnt see their target, didnt do as much destruction
VJ Day
- VIctory in japan day August 14, 1945
- ended WWII
Yalta Conference Compromise
- germany would be broken into four occupation zones- US, GB, France, USSR
- Stalin promised free elections in eastern europe
- stalin promised to join the war against japan after war with germany was over
- have a conference at San Francisco to set up the United Nations
Nuremberg Trials
- when germany was put to trial for the holocaust
- Herman Goering- committed suicide, became leader of germany after hitler dies
GI bill of rights
- designed to help former soldiers get to college get a home get a job and live a normal life
Japanese Internment camps
- they organized camps for japanese- watched by guards because everyone thought they were spies after the war
- we didnt kill them
- they were forced to sell everything
- they went to school, had entertainment
- had jobs and got paid
Comments