The Early River Valley Civilizations
- Mesopotamian - The Babylonian Empire
- Powerful state in ancient world
- most fertile and rich parts of the ancient world
- kings are called first dynasty of Babylon
- Babylon is the capital
- Jew were held there for 70 years
- Babylon means "Gate of Gods"
- Babylon is located in the land of Shinar
- Babylonia was an ancient empire that was in the Near East in southern Mesopotamia in between the Tigris and the Euphrates Rivers
- Babylonia was a long, narrow country about 40 miles wide and an area of about 8,000 square miles
- was from 606-536 BC
- death penalty
- the death penalty was prescribed for theft, murder, adultery, kidnapping, rape, the receipt of stolen property from a temple or a palace, and for a false accusation of a capital crime
- marriage
- marriage was only legal when recorded in writing
- the penalty for adultery was death
- married women were permitted to own property
- The Nile - The First Dynasty
- 3100 BC - 2890 BC
- it was during the Early Dynastic Period of Egypt
- the first dynasty was founded in the Lower Kingdom of Egypt
- the capital at this time was Memphis
- It was founded by the Egyptian Pharaoh Narmer
- Narmer is known as the first pharaoh in Egypt
- Pharaoh Narmer is also known for reuniting the two kingdoms of Egypt
- the Narmer Palette was made
- the shield was one of the first objects to have Egyptian hieroglyphic writing on it
- there is no definite ending, so many historian combine dynasties 1 and 2
- historians obtain this information from tombs
- The Nile - The Second Dynasty
- 2890 BC - 2686 BC
- it was during the Early Dynastic Period of Egypt
- the capital at this time was Thinis
- Hotepsekhemwy was the founder of the Second Dynasty of Egypt
- the last pharaoh of the Second Dynasty was Khasekhemwy
- he married Nemathap, ending the Second Dynasty
- their marriage strengthened the unity of the Upper Kingdom and the Lower Kingdom of Egypt.
- their son, Djoser, was the first pharaoh of the Third Dynasty
- the Third Dynasty started the New Kingdom Period in Egypt.
- The Indus
- arose about 2500 BC
- there has been 1056 settlements found
- two major cities: Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa
- they are called the Harappan culture
- People who developed the civilization are unknown
- advanced in technology
- created first known sanitation system
- strong and stable gov't
- written language - undeciphered
- The Yellow River Civilization (China)
- Shang Dynasty
- formed 1600 - 1046 BC
- first family of Chinese rulers that left written records
- built palaces and tombs
- ruled Yellow River Valley in 2nd millennium BC defeating the Xia (shyah) Dynasty
- Capital : Anyang
- Language : Old Chinese
- Religion: Chinese Folk Religion
- Gov't : Monarchy
- civilization was based on agriculture, lots of hunting and animal care
- they fought a lot of wars with neighboring settlements and nomadic people who raised animals
- court rituals were performed at the court to honor spirits, people were often buried alive with the royal corpse
- shang tang was the last leader of teh last Yin Dynasty
- he commited suicide after his army was defeated by the Zhou
- Legend says that his ary betayed him and went to the Zhou Dynasty
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