Assigned blog 2 - choose any topic from chapter 15presentation dayCh. 15 Test TopicsDescribe the cycle of the Great Depression?o Agricultural Adjustment Acto Lower crops surplus and the value of crops to riseo Passed in 1933 and enacted in 1938o The gov’t paid a sum of money to not plant part of their farmlando Agricultural Adjustment Administrationo In 1945, it because the Production and Marketing Administrationo Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (FDC) and Agricultural Adjustment Acto Passed in 1938o It gave the authority to overlook the production of good, drugs and cosmeticso Outlines a suggested lax enforcement (was not enforced very helpfully)o Started because someone made Elixit Sulfanilamide killed at elast 10 patientsoo Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) (stock market/banks)o It’s a gov’t commission created in 1934, by Congress to regulate and watch over the securities markets (the stock market) and protect investorso The SEC is composed of five commissioners appointed by the US President and approved by the Senateo Includes the power to register, regulate, and oversee brokerage firms, transfer agents, and clearing agencieso They “protected” the New York Stock Exchange, and American Stock Exchangeo The act identifies and prohibits certain types of conduct in the markets and provides the Commission with disciplinary powers over regulated entities and persons associated with them.o Companies with more than $10 million in assets whose securities are held by more than 500 owners must file annual and other periodic reportso The securities laws broadly prohibit fraudulent activities of any kind in connection with the offer, purchase, or sale of securitieso The securities and exchange commission today charged Daniel Ruettiger and 23 other participants in a scheme to deceive investors into buying stock in his sports drink companyo Banking Act of 1935o Was created in August 23, 1935o It strengthened the Federal Reserve Boardo Tightened existing restrictions on banks engaging in certain activities, and enlarged the supervisory powers of the FDICo In 1933, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) was initially established by the Banking Acto NIRA (national industrial recovery act) and NRAo Made codes of fair competition for industryo Gave $3.3 billion to public works projectso Amended the Emergency Relief and Construction Acto NRA –let people that had businesses get together and set their priceso Set shorter hours so more people could worko About 23,000,000 workers worked under the fair code in 1934.o NRA was said to be unconstitutionalo Supposed to be a state thingo Ended in 1935• FDICo Adopted in 1933o The banks that failed right before 1933 were supposed to strengthen the banking system.o Is an independent agency insure most of your money that is in a DDIC insure banks.o If a bank failed the corporation would pay all the people that had money in that up to a certain amounto Today you would get $250 thousand back I think• Public Works Administrationo Passed 1933o Constructed projects paid for by public funds and they were constructed by the gov’t for the use of the public.o Spent 7$7 billion on constructing more hobs, maintaining purchasing powers, and improving public welfareo Helped construct more than 34,000 projectso• Airports, electricity generating dams, air craft carriers, 1/3 new hospital• Gave the gov’t the first network of distributing funds to local districts• Later became unrelated to what was going on and was abolished in June 1941.• Civil Works Administration• Made construction projects• Built 12 million feet of sewer pipes• Built or made things better (40,00 school, over 255,000 roads, 3700 playgrounds, almost 1,000 airports• Paid people a lot of money to do construction• Kind of successful, but not really. cost a lot of money though• Ended march 1934 Civilian Conservation Corps the CCC was also known as the Emergency Conservation Work Act operated from 1933 to 1942 provided jobs for men in relief families (age 18-25) 2.5 million men enrolled in just 9 years pay for working was $30 a month led greater public awareness and greater appreciation for the outdoors planted about 300,000 trees made other programs for veterans and Native Americans by 1942 with the draft in operation it was voted to close the program because things were back on their feet Reconstruction Finance Corporation was establish during the Hoover administration during the first 13 months only worked on giving loans to banks expanded Roosevelt's New Deal was an independent agency modeled after the war finance corporation gave $2 billion to state and local gov'ts played a really big role in the Great Depression Federal Emergency Relief Act enacted in 1933 main function was to create the Federal Emergency Relief Administration FERA distributed more than 20 million dollars in direct aid to the unemployed (wellfare) this in turn would help the unemployed to find new jobs. FERA had 3 primary objectives: direct relief measure provide work for employable people provide many different types of relief programs was the start of the welfare system direct relief for peopleWhat was the New Deal(1st and 2nd) and it's goals(3 R's)? goals of the 3 R's Relief they were trying to RELIEVE the unemployed, poor, homeless, and all in all vulnerable people. Recovery attempting to RECOVER our economy in order to get it back to normal. Went from breadlines to fast food places Reform trying to REFORM the financial system in order to prevent any oncoming depressions 1st New Deal passed in 1933 lasted until 1934 worked at fixing the economy from top to bottom(help businesses first) mostly based off the trickle down theory. this is where the gov't pours money into businesses in order to stabilize buying and selling, and go forward to help our economy it helped from banks to farms and many more 2nd New Deal in effect from 1934-1936 focused on restoring our economy from bottom to top(help individual people. give em SS) this meant that they tried to turn non-consumer to consumer again- in order to help the businesses and when the businesses succeed, so does the gov't Why did people criticize the New Deal? top three critics: Charles Coughlin Charles Coughlin roman preist supported the new deal and soon turned against FDR Dr. Francis Townsend Physician and health officer in long Beach cali. Believed FDR was not doing enough to help the poor and elderly made a plan to benitit the elderly Huey Long senator of louisiana supported of the new deal alos turned against FDR was eager to win presidency for himself They cared about things that mattered to the poo Why was FDR upset with the US Supreme Court and what did he do to try to solve this issue? the US Supreme Court wasn't agreeing with his New Deal plan. he was upset by it why was he upset? he felt like it was keeping the economy back and not helping it become better congress wouldn't allow the number of justices to be increased. he thought they should hire one new justice for every justice person that was over 70. would've went from 9 to 15 FDR was criticized for trying to undermine the independence of the court thought he was trying to have more power then he should haveHow did the New Deal help:unemployedfarmersfactory workers/laboryoung peoplebanks/businesshome ownerselderlyNative Americans- the Indian Reorganization Act(IDA) allowed them to use their culture and tradition Describe the culture of the 1930's(not in test) folk music, musical music, pop, jazz, country and western music Fashion(men) suits to create large torso shoulder pads matching top hates over coatsKey terms: Hundred Days the time where the president's seem to be the most efficient. FDR blew the roof on this. hundred days of the new deal fireside chats FDR broadcasting on the radio telling people to have faith and believe in the new deal and that banks would do better became popular-people started listening to the radio more. so radio stations did better continued til 1940's until their attention turned to WWII priming the pump pump from a well, nothing would come out great depression related. try to help things move along and see if it would help or not... jump start the economy deficit spending gov't spending more and owing more than they collected in taxes they kept spending more money, and then they'd owe another country money they thought deficit spending would get us out of the depression (kinda like priming the pump) Indian Reorganization Act (IRA) - gave land back to the tribes so they could run their own land again allowed Native Americans to use their tribes it allowed Indians to use their culture and tradition. replaced the Dawes Act (tried to Americanize the Native Americans) was established in 1934 another name for this act is the Wheeler-Howard Act established June 18, 1934 leader was John Collier the act was doing more harm that good to the natives(it was too little too late) in 1936 was when Alaska tribes were added to the act FDR's Background FDR before presidency born Jan 30, 1882. went to high school at Groton Boarding School Went to Harvard College Was married to his wife ELeanor on March 17, 1905, had 6 kids other professions was 44th governor of NY from 1929 - 1932 ran for vice president in 1920 was 32nd president. Democratic. Won 57% of the vote was in office from March 14, 1933 to April 12, 1945 was in office during the Great Depression our only president to have polio and to be in a wheelchair
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