Monday- Went over more notes Started on 9/11 Tuesday went over extra credit ppts. Wednesday I finished mine, then went over Brun's powerpoint. Thursday- went over ppt again. Friday- Went over ppt again.
1. We had close ties with our allies and the USSR didn't.
2. China started siding with us after 1972.
3. The Soviet economy was in shambles whereas the US's was flourishing.
- Huge deficit
- High inflation
- Corruption
- Social Problems
- Shortage of basic needs
4. The strong anti-communist presidency of Reagan.
5. Gorbachev's willingness for change and reform.
- Glasnost and perestroika
- Admitted Soviet mistakes
- Took blame for the Cold War
- Communist system had failed
- Allowed eastern Europe to do what the wanted
6. Arms Reduction Talks
- SALT, INF, Reagan-Gorbachev meetings
7. Soviet Mistakes
- Invasion of Afghanistan- did not survive.
- Ignoring social concerns
- Spent everything on military.
Post Cold War- In the 1990's the world seemed to be a much more peaceful place.
What impact did the fall of the Soviet Union & Communism have on Europe and the world?
1. New countries broke out of the USSR
- Estonia, Latvia, Armenia, Ukraine, Belarus.
2. East and West Germany re-unified in 1990.
3. Rise of democracy and capitalism throughout Europe.
4. War and ethnic cleanings- Yugoslavia. (Serbia, Kosovo, Slovenia. )
5. The world became more unified and more interdependent.
6. The rise of radical Islamic groups- Taliban, al-Qaeda.
7. The United States emerged as the singular major powers in the world.
9/11 Attack
September 11, 2001
Where? New York- Arlington/D.C- Shanksville
New York City- In the early morning hours of September 11, 2001, four commercial airliners were hijacked.
8:46 am American Airlines Flight 11 was the first to crash into the North Tower of the World Trade Center. 17 minutes later, United Airlines Flight 175 crashed into the South Tower.
2,606 were killed including:
- 343 firefighters
- 23 cops
- 37 port authority police officers.
Broader Effects-
Beyond those who lost their lives on September 11, many thousands more were directly affected:
- Estimated that about 3,000 children lost a parent and more than 1,600 people lost a spouse.
- Sporting events were postponed. National parks and landmarks closed for a while.
- Late night comedians took some time off.
- Airports closed for a few days and became much more secure leading to longer waiting times.
Persians Golf- August 2, 1990 and February 28, 1991.
Invasion of Kuwait. Was the first modern war. Air attacks. Didn't have much casualties.
Al Qaeda- means the base.
When did Al Qaeda form- the beginnings of al Qaeda go back to the 1980’s when the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan.
Afghanistan had a communist government.
Bin Laden and the Arab Afghans, fought the Soviet Union in Afghanistan- the SU army left in 1988. We helped the mujaheddin fight the Soviets. Start off as rebel fights against the Soviet.
Desert Storm- In 1990, Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein invaded the tiny, oil-rich country of Kuwait. We feared Iraq would take over Saudi. US got permission to move into their country. We had invaded Islamic land. The US asked the Saudis to establish military bases in their country.
Bin Laden writes a letter to America.
1. Western support for attacking Muslims in Somalia.
2. Supporting Russian atrocities against Muslims in Chechnya.
3. Supporting the Indian oppression against Muslims in Kashmir.
4. Supporting the Jewish aggression against Muslims in Lebanon.
5. The presence of the US troops in Saudi Arabia due to Iraq invading Kuwait.
6. US supports of Israel.
7. Economic Sanctions against Iraq.
Why did these people want to attack America? Bin Laden has never said that the attacks were ever because of American freedom, rights.
Muslims- people that support Islam.
Iran was a major enemy of ours.
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