Monday: notes
- The Second Red Scare
- causes:
- Julius and Ethel Rosenberg Trial
- Found guilty of spying for the Soviets-executed in 1953
- Iron Curtain
- USSR detonating their atomic bomb
- China becoming communist
- Korean War - Domino Effect
- Stalin's actions in Germany - Berlin Blockade
- Julius and Ethel Rosenberg Trial
- causes:
- 1949-1990
- East and West Germany (East belonged to USSR)
- China
- Kai Shek
- Mao Zedong (communist)
- invaded by Japan
- Alien Registration Act of 1940
- Made it illegal to advocate the overthrow of the US government
- Required all non-citizen adult residents to register with the government
- Approx. 214 people were indicted under the legislation, including alleged communists, Anarchists, and fascists
- Prosecutions under the Smith Act continued until the Supreme Court decision declared law unconstitutional
- Senator Joe McCarthy
- accused people of communism
- gave a speech where he claimed to have a list of 205 communist in the State Department
- no one actually saw the names
- became one of the most powerful people of the US
- accused people in the military - final straw for Eisenhower & his rights were stripped
- died of alcoholism three years later
- House UN-American Activies Committee - HUAC (1945-1975)
- went after directors in Hollywood
- the committee believed that films were spreading communist propaganda
- set up hearings
- people found guilty were sentenced to a year in prison and pay $1,000 fine
- Us Test Hydrogen Bomb
- 1,000 times stronger than the atomic bomb
- USSR Launches sputnik in 1957 (Space Race)
- Francis Gary Powers (American Pilot) Shot Down in USSR - the pilot was alive and well (was an embarrassment for Eisenhower b/c we lied, it was a spy plane)
Tuesday: notes
- Berlin Wall
- to keep people from escaping east Berlin
- Brandenberg gate and Checkpoint Charlie
- Cuba
- Fidel Castro (communist) Overthrows Batista
- Bay of Pigs
- What was it?
- bay of Cuba
- we trained Cubans in Mexico to invade Cuba and overthrow Castro/Communism
- What were the results?
- we failed miserably
- we hoped the Cubans still there would join in the army we sent
- traded to get our people back
- How did it hurt JFK?
- huge embarrassment
- US military thought he was weak against communism
- What was it?
- Cuban Missile Crisis (Oct, 1962)
- U2 spy plane took photos of missile launchers
- Soviet union was worried about another invasion
- IRBM, MRBM
- The compromise
- The Soviets would remove their missiles from Cuba
- The US would promise never to invade Cuba
- The US would secretly remove our nuclear missiles from Turkey within six months
Wednesday: notes
- Ronald Reagan Becomes President (1981)
- Ran on a very strong anti-communist platform
- Soviets had just invaded Afghanistan
- Mikhail Gorbachev comes to power in USSR (1985)
- give people more freedom
- Perestroika and Glasnost
- Berlin Wall comes down (Nov. 9, 1989)
- Boris Yeltsin - President of Russia (1991-1999)
- Why the US won
- we had closer allies
- China started sliding with us after 1972
- the Soviet economy was in shambles, the US was flourishing
- huge deficit
- high inflation
- corruption
- social problems
- shortage of basic needs (food, housing..)
- the strong anti-communist presidency of Reagan
- Gorbachev's willingness for change and reform
- glasnost and perestroika
- admitted Soviet mistakes
- took blame for the Cold War
- communist system had failed
- allowed Eastern Europe to do what they wanted
- Arms Reduction Talks
- SALT
- INF
- Reagan-Gorbachev meetings
- Soviet Mistakes
- invasion of Afghanistan
- ignoring social concerns
- spent everything on military
- Post-Cold War
- seemed to be a much more peaceful place
- we didn't have any major threat to worry about
- President Clinton closed down many military bases around the country & reduced the size of the US military
- 9-11 caught US off guard
Thursday: test
Friday: work day
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