May 1st - May 5th - Blogs

The Cold War

A political, strategic and ideological struggle between the US and the Soviet Union
Communism vs. Democracy
- 2 types of Communism
  - Practice of Communism (What we are talking about in the Cold War)
  - Carl Marx Communism
    - Promotes Equality
      - But takes away:
        Freedoms
        Power
    - "Poor people will rise up and over-throws the wealthy and create a 'Utopian' society"
    - He hated Capitalism
      - Said it was unjust
      - Immoral idea
Socialism vs. Capitalism
- US is very Socialistic
- Capitalism
  - The harder you work the more money get
Brief History of USSR
- Bolshevik Revolution
- Lenin - Communism
- Stalin - Family that was in power
  - Purges
  - Collectivization
    - Farmers fought back
      - Stalin still won
  - Nationalization
    - Same as before but just with businesses
  - Five Year Plans
- Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact
- War with Germany
- Battle of Berlin- April-May, 1945
Causes of the cold war
- Different political systems
  - US is based on democracy, capitalism and freedom
  - USSR is based on dictatorship, communism and control
- The Red Scare -1919
- Both thought their system was better and distrusted the others intentions
- Stalin hated Capitalism
- Stalin breaking his promise to allow free elections at the Yalta Conference
- American fear of a communist attack (Red Scare) and USSR's fear of a US attack
- USSR's fear of the atomic bomb
- USSR's actions in their German zone
- USSR's goal to spread communism around the world
The Iron Curtain
- The West
  - The US and Great Britain
  - Democratic
- The East
  - Communism
- Two Worlds
  - Split the World into two pieces
    - Democratic and Communistic
Post WWII/Cold War Goals for US
- Wanted the promote open markets for US goods to prevent another depression
- Promotes Democracy throughout the world, especially in Asia and Africa
- Stop the spread of communism
  - Policy of Containment
USSR Goal
- They wanted to surround themselves with allies
- To spread communism around the world
Policy of Containment - 146
- To stop the spread of communism
Truman Doctrine
- US gave money and supplies to fight off the communists in Greece and Turkey
Marshall Plan
- Plan after WW2 to fund millions and millions of dollars to help rebuild Europe
Brinkmanship- 1950's- 1960's
- We had to be tough and make sure that they didn't that we were weak
NATO
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization
- Defensive Alliance
- Consisted of
  - America, Canada, Britain, France, Holland, Belgium, Luxembourg, Portugal, Denmark, and Norway
KGB vs CIA
- Central Intelligence Agency - 1947- Present
- Komitet Gosudarstvennoy Bezopasnosti
  - Committee for State Security
  - Ended in the 90's
Nikita Khrushchev
- He was okay
  - Exist Peacefully
- De-Stalinization- After 1953
Detente - Easing of Tensions
Mikhail Gorbachev Comes to Power in 1985
- Perestroika
  - More Democracy
  - Free Elections
- Glasnost
  - Free speech and press
Partial Nuclear
- Outlaws Partial Usage of Nuclear weapons
  - underground
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
- Prevents the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology
- Promotes cooperation in the uses of nuclear energy
Missile Defense Agency
- Program is Designed to counter any nuclear missile attack on the US or Allies
SALT I Treaty
- Talk limiting nuclear weapons
Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
- Signed by Bill Clinton
- We've abide by it but never ratified it
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
- Watch dog Organization that makes sure that people are using the nuclear power correctly
INF Treaty
- Reduced the amount of Missiles that the US and USSR had
START I Treaty
- Reduction of Missiles in the US
SORT
- Reducing Nuclear weapons
NEW START
- New one of start from now until 2021
- Launcher reduction
United Nations
- Almost every country has joined
The First Berlin Crisis- Berlin Blockade/ Airlift
- Stalin wanted the whole city of Berlin
  - UN said no
- Stalin Blockaded the city
- We airlifted food and supplies into Berlin
  - Stalin did nothing
Second Red Scare
- Causes:
  - Julius and Ethel Rosenberg Trial
  - Iron Curtain Speech
  - USSR detonation their atomic bomb
  - China becoming communist
    - Chiang Kai Shek vs. Mao Zedong
      - Worked together with US help to get rid of the Japanese
      - Goes back to Civil War
        Communist China wins
  - The Korean War starting Domino effect
  - Stalin's blockade of Berlin
- Joe McCarthy
  - "There's communists in the government"
  - Held Hearing "Are you a communist"
    - Crucible
  - Joe McCarthy Painted himself into a corner and was stripped of his power
  - McCarthyism
    - Practice of making accusations of subversion or treason without proper regard for evidence
- HuAA
  - Committee that went after communists in Hollywood
  - Has hearings like McCarthy
  - Blacklisted
    - Charlie Chaplin
- US Test Hydrogen Bomb
  - More Powerful then the Atomic Bomb
- Space Race
  - They were beating us in the Space Race
    - Yuri Gagarin
      - First man in space
  - JFK's Moonshot Speech by the end of the Decade
Francis Gary Powers Shot Down in USSR 1960

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