Monday-Cold War 1945-1990 US vs Soviet Union Cold War-struggle between Soviets and the US. Communism practice-lots of power many people in charge but there is only 1 leader. Communism theory-all people are equal. Democracy- the people chose the leader. Capitalism-the harder you work the more you get paid(a lot of work ethic). Socialism-everyone gets paid the same even if someone is working harder than anyone else. History of Soviet Union-Bolshevik Revolution , Lenin, Stalin(purges, collectivization, nationalization, 5 year plan), Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact, War with Germany, Battle of Berlin-April-May 1945. Causes of the Cold War-different political systems. US is based on democracy, capitalism and freedom. USSR is based on dictatorship, communism and control. Th Red Scare-stopped immigration and have raids. Stalin breaking his promise to allow free elections at the Yalta Conference. American fear of Communist attack and USSR fear of US attack. USSR's fear of the atomic bomb.
Tuesday-Cold war-political struggle between the US and the soviet union. affected many parts of the world. Communism-government chose the leaders. Democracy-the people choose the leader. history of the Soviet Union-Bolshevik revolution, Lenin, Stalin-purges, collectivization, Nationalization, Five Year Plan. Soviet-German Non-aggression Pact., war with Germany, Battle of Berlin. Causes of the Cold War-different political systems-US is based on democracy, capitalism and freedom. -USSR is based on dictatorship, communism and control. the Red Scare, Both thought their system was better and distrusted the other intentions, Stalin despised capitalism. distrust during WWII. Causes of the Cold War-Stalin breaking his promise to allow free elections at the Yalta Conference. American fear of a communist attack and USSR's fear of a US attack. USSR's fear of the atomic bomb. USSR's actions in their German zone. USSR's goal to spread communism around the world. Post WWII/Cold War Goals for US-wanted to promote open markets for US goods to prevent another depression. Promote democracy throughout the world, especially in Asia and Africa. Stop the spread of communism. -Policy of containment. Post WWII/Cold War goals for the USSR-wanted to create greater security for itself -lost tens of millions of people in WWII and Stalin's purge. -feared a strong Germany. Establish defensible borders. Encourage friendly governments on its borders. Spread communism around the world. Truman Doctrine- the British were helping the Greek government fight against communist, they asked the US for help and they defeated the communists, Greece then became a country of Democracy. Marshall Plan-aid to help plan for Europe to recover economically. NATO-in 1949 the Western nations formed the North Atlantic Treaty Organization to coordinate their defense against Russia. NATO was a defensive alliance in US history. CIA vs KGB-CIA-Central Intelligence Agency-1947 to present. KGB-committee for State Security(1954-1`991) Stalin dies in 1953. Perestroika and Glasnost-Perestroika- restructuring of the Soviet economy and political system-more democracy -free elections. Glasnost-more openness of the Soviet government and for its people -free speech and press.
Wednesday-1949-USSR's first atomic bomb. Nuclear Powers of the war-US, Russia, UK, France, China. Now those including India, Pakistan, North Korea, Israel, and Iran. JFK signs Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty-makes tests bombs above ground obsolete and then they test them underground. "Prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology" "Promote peaceful uses of nuclear energy. The ballistic Missile Defense System-program designed to counter any nuclear missile attack on the US or allies.Salt treaty-reduce nuclear weapons in the world. Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty-signed by Bill Clinton, not ratified by the senate. banned all testing of Nuclear weapons. New start-signed by Obama and former Russian president Medvedev. United Nations-world wide peace organization. The first Berlin crisis-Berlin Blockade/airlift-the division of Germany and Berlin. America dropped food and supplies into the other side.The Second Red Scare-Iron curtain surrounding Eastern Europe, USSR detonating their atomic bomb, china became communist, the Korean war starting, Stalin's actions in Germany-Berlin blockade. Chiang Kai Shek vs Mao Zedong-they din't like each other but they team up against Japan, after that they went back to Civil war then one of the men won and made China communist. Senator Joe McCarthy-Told people that there are Communist in the US government. McCarthy Downfall-he had so proof, they took him away from his power, he died 3 years later to alcoholism. Huac-government felt Hollywood was putting out communist films, people found guilty sentenced to 1 year in prison and a fine of $1,000. Charlie Chaplin was one of the most popular actor to be affected by this. USSR launches Sputnik-1957 Yuri Gagarin-1961 first person in outer-space.
Thursday-USSR Launches sputnik. Francis Gary Powers Shot down in USSR 1960. Eisenhower Embarrassment- leader Khrushchev saying to president that he was lying to his people. Things got worse during 1960's. Berlin Wall was made in 1961 which split Germany into 2. It tried to separate cities and people were fleeing from east Berlin to west Berlin for more freedom. The wall had a death area were if you were caught you would be shot a killed. November 1989 is when the wall came down. Berlin wall was a symbol of the war lasted 1961-1989. Brandenburg gate and checkpoint charlie. Fidel Castro Overthrows Batista (he died in November 2016). The Bay of Pigs: What was it- a bay in Cuba and it was a anticastro led invasion in Cuba to overthrow Castro's government (CIA trained Cubans down in mexico to go and invade Cuba) , What were the results?- We supported them with airplanes but we did not win and it backfires because Kennedy didn't provide air cover , How did it hurt president Kennedy. There weren't a lot of troops invading, we didn't give the Cubans air-cover, and the troops were either captured or killed. Kennedy lied and that hurt him, also the military thought he was weak here and were also embarrassed. The next year it led to this crisis called the Cuban Missile Crisis in October 1962. We took pictures and we figured out that they had missiles that could hit anywhere in the United States. We launch first to try to destroy all of their stuff and there was going to be an invasion the next day. It didn't happened and there was a compromise reached- the soviets would remove their missiles from Cuba, The US would promise never to invade Cuba, The US would secretly remove out nuclear missiles from Turkey within six months. Leonid Brezhnev- 1964-1982 (kind of saved the world, he was forced out because it was a loss for Cuba). Nixon visits China (1970's hit Watergate), Nixon visits Moscow. Then in 1979 Soviets invade Afghanistan (being invade mushahadean which today is the Taliban and Alkaid). They invade to try to save their communists government, US gives forces and resources to the mushahadean. Soviet Union bombed them and basically destroyed Afghanistan. in 1980 we boycotted the Olympic games and stopped trade. Ronald Reagan becomes president in 1981- ran on a very strong anti-communists platform, soviets had just invaded Afghanistan. Yuri Andropov- USSR leader. They symbol of the end of the Cold War- Berlin Wall comes down in Nov. 9, 1989. Boris Yeltsin- president of Russia (1991-1999). Why did the US win and why did they lose: we had close ties with out allies and the USSR didn't, China started siding with us after 1972, The soviet economy was in shambles whereas the US's was flourishing; huge deficit, high inflation, corruption, social problems, shortage of basic needs (food, housing, etc.), The strong anti-communist presidency of Reagan, Gorbachev's willingness for change and reform a glasnost and perestroika, Admitted soviet mistakes, took blame for the cold war, communist system had failed, allowed eastern Europe to do what they wanted, arms reduction talks; SALT, INF, Reagan/Gorbachev meetings, soviet mistakes including invasion of Afghanistan, ignoring socials concerns, and spent everything on military. Post Cold War- in 1990's the world seemed to be a much more peaceful place, we didn't have any major threat to worry about, 9-11 caught the US off guard. Putin New Leader in Russia 1999-2008 and 2012-now. Allies or enemies: Did Russia work with Trump to hack Hillary's email and get Trump to win the election?
Friday-The Korean War Conflict: the forgotten war(1950-1953)-South Korea is doing very well and North Korea is doing very bad(most communist country in the world). Origins-Korea was invaded and ruled by Japan and it was split in two, it wasn't supposed to stay like that but the North didn't want to be part of that so the country wasn't unified. Soviet Union thought the election was going to be rigged. Kim II-Sung-father of communism. US sends troops to help North Korea and it works very well. The war is a back and forth war it ended where it started. 2 million lives were lost for no reason. Cease fire was established on July 27th, 1953 near the 38th parallel. Vietnam Conflict-took place in Indochina. Vietnam was also spit in two. Escalation 1957-1975-send military to South Vietnam, then started using special forces and doing special operations. sent more troop there for defensive purposes only. kept sending more troops every year. The Tet offensive(1968)-day of rest in Vietnam. Us was never given the green light to invade the North.
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