Monday-
Great Britain
Churchill
- Born November 30, 1874 and died at age 90 in 1965
- Was sent to boarding school near London
- In 1893 he headed off to military school(After he became journalist)(Age 26- published 6 books)
- How he became to power?
- Gained more members in his conservative party
- How he lost power?
- Attlee won all the vote in 1945 election
- Right after he lead the allies to victory
Attlee
- How he came to power?
- Won the 1945 election
Chamberlain
- Prime minister of Great Britain right before War
- How he came to power?
- Led Britain the first 8 months of WWII
Battle Strategies-
- Survived German bombing campaign
- Churchill's idea to defeat Germany- then go up through Italy instead of defeating France right away
Major Events-
- London Naval Conference
- 1930
- Was the third in a series of 5 meetings
- Formed with the purpose of placing limits on the naval capacity of the world's largest naval power
- League of Nations
- Formed in 1920
- Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland
- Created after WWI to provide a forum for resolving international disputes
- WWI Payments
- Germany had to pay Great Britain payments to help them repair all the damage
- Had to pay Great Britain about 34 billion
- Germany had o pay a total of 132 billion Reichsmarks for the damage that was done
- Washington Naval Conference
- Between 1921-1922
- World's largest naval powers that was gathered in Washington D.C. for a conference to discuss naval disarmament and ways to relieve growing tensions in East Asia
- Munich Conference
- September 28-29, 1938
- Leaders of Great Britain, France, and Italy agreed to allow Germany to annex certain areas of Czechoslovakia
- Kellogg Briand Pact
- 1928
- It was an agreement to outlaw war
- Signed on August 27, 1928
- Called "Pact of Paris
Basic Facts
- Alliances- US, China, Denmark, Greece, Mexico, Soviet Union, France, Australia
- Casualties- Military 326,000 Civilian- 62,000
- Deaths- 452,000 Civilians- 60,000 Allies- 44 Million total
Cost of War
- 1945- $120 billion
War goals-
- Stop Hitler
- To survive
- To win
Major battles-
- Battle of North Africa
- Started June 10, 1940 to May 13, 1943
- Britain depended on oil from Suez Canal
- Battle of Britain
- July 10th 1940
- Germany and Hitler conquered Europe
- Great Britain was left
- Germany bombed Great Britain every day
- Great Britain tried taking over the Royal Air force(British air force)
- Allies won because of the radar
- Hitler wanted air superiority over Royal Air Forces and Britain
- Luftwaffe(British army) targets RAF airfields and raids cities
- British people show great residence to the assault
- Germany fails to destroy British air defences
- Battle of Italy
- September 3, 1943-1944
- US and Great Britain planned to invade Italy
- Plan was to get Italy out of the war
- Italy surrendered, Allies won
People who had major impact-
- Winston Churchill- Prime minister of Britain
The Great Depression-
- Largest economic depression of the 20th century in UK
- American markets crashed in 1929
- Huge unemployment rate
1930s- Road to War
- Signs of threat from Germany
- Neville Chamberlain's policy of appeasement
WWII-
- War declaration on Germany in 1939
- Winston Churchill's appointment to prime minister
- Evacuation of British soldiers from Belgium
- USA joins war
- Allies succeed in North Africa and attack Italy
Result of War-
- US lost its leading position in the world
- UK lost many colonies
- New international peace organizations
Great Britain- Propaganda and Impact on Homefront
Impact on the Homefront-
- Limited domestic consumption
- They had to forcibly reduce citizens' consumption
- Children were sent to live in the country
- Many propaganda runs that prevented or delayed the press from publishing info that would damage public spirits
Propaganda-
Impact WWII had on Great Britain-
- Throughout WWII Britain was run by the government
- The government became more involved in people's lives during the war
- Far from being resented most people welcomed this government intervention
The Soviet Union's Involvement
- Russian Civil War
- November 1917-October 1922
- Between the "Reds" and the "Whites"
- The Red army was fighting for communism
- White army Favorited monarchism and capitalism
- Stalin's Five Year Plan
- Series of nationalized plans for the economic development of the Soviet Union
- Had unrealistic goals in the industrial development
- Brought all industry and industrial development under state control by collectivism and nationalism
- Collectivism- Practice or principle of giving a group priority over each individual in it
- Nationalism- Process of transforming private assets into public assets by bringing them under the public ownership of a national government or state
- Government took over all the farms and businesses
- Soviet and German non aggression Pact
- Signed on August 23, 1939 before the beginning of WWII
- Pact was broke when Germany attacked Soviet Union on June 22, 1941
Basic Facts-
- Casualties- Total deaths, 23,100
- Military Deaths: 10,700
- Civilian Deaths- 12,400
- Total cost of the war: $192 billion in 1945- 2 Trillion in today's money
War Goals-
- Stalin's actions to expand as much as possible in all directions
- Destroy their most dangerous rival, Nazi Germany
- Expand Soviet Communist system to control people and resources
- Launches invasion into Germany from east, helping to force Nazi surrender
Impact on Soviet Union-
- Economy was devastated
- 1/4 of country's capital resources were destroyed
- Industrial and agricultural output in 1945 fell short of prewar levels
- Rebuild countries
- Germany made reparations to Soviet Union
- Allied powers won
- Postwar reconstruction period, Stalin tightened domestic controls, justifying the repression by playing up the threat of war with west
- The USSR keeps northern part of East Prussia w/ gain of territory USSR becomes leading world power
Cold War-
- WWII, US, and Soviet Union fought as allies against the Axis powers
- Their tense relationship is what got into the Cold War
Why did Soviet Union win WWII-
- Russian cold winters- used to the weather
- Germany invaded land too big
- Had more people fighting
- Forced Germans back to Germany
- Underestimated them
- More troops(more allies)
Important Military People-
Tuesday-
Wednesday-
Thursday-
Friday-
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