March 9-13

[3Brandon]

Monday- Japan's presentation

• Imperialists. Mid 1942- turning point in the war. United States and Allies do much better in Mid 1942-1943 in Africa. Japan took over and controlled China, French-Indo-China (Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos), Hong Kong (UK), Thailand, Philippines, Guam, Indonesia, East Timor, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, India, Wake Island, Christmas Island, Attu and Kiska Islands.

Tuesday- Went over Japan

• Air Raids on Australia (Attacked but NOT conquered):

1. Broome (Western Australia)
2. Darwin (Northern Territory, Australia)
3. Newcastle (New South Wales, Australia)
4. Sydney (New South Wales, Australia)

• Air Raids on United States (Attacked but NOT conquered):

1. Santa Barbara (California)
2. Pearl Harbor (Hawaii)
3. Midway Atoll
4. Fort Stevens (Oregon)

• Joined the League of Nations
• Signed the 4, 5 and 9 Power Pacts
• 4 Power Pact- They would respect eachothers possessions; they wouldn't try to take over any lands
• 5 Power Pact-They would limit naval size
• 9 Power Pact- Open Door Policy and guaranteed Chinese Independence
• Signed the Kellogg-Briand Pact- Outlawed war as a way to settle disputes
• USA increased Tariffs, cut world trade, Japan was cut off from America's raw materials; in desperate need of some-took over Manchuria.
• The League Of Nations condemned Japan, did not enforce it's authority (did not have military force)
• The message sent to Japan, Italy, Germany-a major power could get away with anything because Britain and France did not want war.
• Japan dropped out of the League of Nations
• Japan invades China in July 1937
• (Mass killing of Chinese, Raping of women/girls, Mass looting and arson, denied that they killed for no reason, Still causes tension between the two countries today, war crimes trial after the war to try Japanese soldiers for participation)
• Roosevelt- Quarantine Speech of 1937
• Panay Incident-December 1937:
• American Gunboat attacked on river in China by Japan, 3 US troops killed/45 wounded, Japan said it was an accident-paid US $$, Worsened US-Japanese Relations- happened in China
• Tripartite Pact is signed by Japan forming the Axis Powers-1940
• Japanese Leaders:

1. Hideki Tojo-Made most of the decisions
2. Emperor Hirohito-Official general-boss
3. Admiral Yamamoto-Came up with the Pearl Harbor Attack Plan

• Pearl Harbor Plan:

1. Attack the US to keep us OUT of the war
2. December 7, 1941, Sunday 7:40 AM/8:50 AM
3. December 8, the LAST OFFICIAL TIME THE US DECLARED WAR
4. Major Japanese Victory-US declared war on Japan
5. 3 cruisers, 3 destroyers, anti-aircraft ship, mine-slayer ship were sank or damaged- 188 US aircraft were destroyed
6. 2,402 deaths, 1,282 wounded

• Reasons Japan attacked Pearl Harbor:
• US stopped trading with Japan (Oil Specifically; after they invaded French-Indo China)
• Japan Signed the Soviet-Japanese Neutrality Pact
• They needed US trade to be successful in the war- they had to hit US hard in order to get them out quickly-knew it was a huge risk but thought it was the only way, Plan backfired, Japan "awoke a sleeping giant".
• Backdoor to War Conspiracy- FDR wanted Japan to attack the US because he wanted to get into the war to help Great Britain
• FDR SAID "A DATE WHICH WILL LIVE FOREVER IN INFAMY" 

• Doolittle's raid-April, 1942, went and bombed Japan. Most successful during war against Japan.
• May (6 months after PH)- Battle of Midway (June 1942) big turning point for the US *HUGE VICTORY* because we intercepted and deciphered a Japanese Code and found out when and where the Japanese attack was coming.
• Amphibious "DUCKS" that can go on water and land.
• "Island Hopping"- US Battle Strategy on obtaining land.
• MacArthur vowed to return to the Philippines and he did and took 2 shots of the video he made of WW2 and Pearl Harbor
• Battle of Iwo Jima- very deadly, Japanese soldiers would hide in the ground and wait, they would jump off cliffs and commit suicide before surrendering to the US
• Preparing for the invasion of Japan- Operation Downfall, Planned in October 1945, over 1 million casualties, 267,000 deaths, never took place

• Invasion of Japan-cancelled because of atomic bomb
• The Manhattan Project- 1939-1945- thousands of people died from radiation poisoning
• July 16, 1945 first atomic bomb in History was dropped in New Mexico
• Enola Gay-  Bockscar B29 Super Fortress was used specifically to drop the atomic bomb
• Hiroshima Nagasaki 
• "Little Boy"-the smaller bomb
• "Fat Man"-the larger bomb Nagasaki
• The Atomic Shadow- shadows left on the ground from people's bodies disintegrating 
• VJ DAY- August 14/15, 1945 Japan surrenders/ September 2, 1945 when Japan OFFICIALLY signed the USS Missouri 
• July, 1945- US, Great Britain, China, Soviet Union, issued the Potsdam Declaration- announced the terms for Japan, they either live by them or die by them

1. Potsdam Declaration:
2. They dismantled the current government of Japan
3. The Allies occupied Japan
4. Japan only consists of major islands, and will lose all the territory it took over during WW2
5. Japanese military forces will be disarmed and return home
6. War Crimes Trials for Japan
7. Allowed to have industry to make money to pay for reparations

Wednesday- Went over and reviewed Japan and the previous notes. ^^

Thursday- Went over Japan one last time before Japan Test then watched The World Wars

Friday- Japan Test then The World Wars Movie

[Mr. Bruns]

Good!