Monday- Presentations
Tuesday- Presentations WWII movie review and summary due tomorrow
Wednesday-
Thursday-
Friday-
Japan
- only told about wins
- Soldiers couldn't talk about losing
- Military leader who planned Pearl Harbor committed suicide because the United States did not do what they thought they would do because they thought they would get out and stay out but they came into the war
- Japanese troops/leaders were taught to commit suicide so they weren't caught
- Destroyed American ships and planes and killed many people on Pearl Harbor
- Launched an attack on Britain
- 60,000 prisoners of war
- Japan won
- Battle of Midway
- United States won this war big time
- United Sates lost 137 aircraft and 300 men
- Japanese lost over 330 and 3,500 men
- Japan was never the same again
- United States broke up all their radio waves
- Battle of Guadalcanal
- Series of battles fought on land and sea
- Allied forces, mostly U.S troops launched an attack
- Allies succeeded to capture the island
- Needed over 6 months to break apart Japan
- United States suffered heavy losses not as much as Japan
- Battle of Iwo Jima
- Fought a small island
- U.S. Marines invaded after moths of naval and air bombardment
Italy
- March on Rome
- Mussolini led members of the fascist party to Rome to seize power of the Italian government
- Luigi Facta- Prime Minister
- King Victor Emmanuel 111
- They all just stepped down and gave Mussolini power
- October 28,1922
Italy Joining Axsis Powers
- Rome- Berlin Axis- October 21,1936
- Stated all the countries of Europe will one day rotate around Rome
Benito Mussolini
- Organized a fascist revolution in Italy
- Came to power in 1922
- Turned Italy into a legal dictatorship in 1925
- Founder of Fascism
- Allied with his Adolf Hitler
- Allies invade in 1943, and he is voted out of power and arrested
- Rescued from prison by German special forces
- Captured by Italian Communists in 1945 and died in April
Giovanni Messe
- Famous Italian General, Politician, and Field Marshall
- Considered greatest general of World War 11
- Supervisory of nearly of military operation
Fascism
- Radical form of nationalism
- Originated in Italy during WW11
- Created by Mussolini
- Controlled by Italy from 1922-1943
- Encouraged extreme nationalism and militarism, believing Italy is better than anyone else
Propaganda
- Used to bring people together
- Bring people to like Mussolini's ideas
- Enemies seemed like barbarian killers
Italy in North America
- Army invaded Egpt
- Didn't have a good army
- December, Italians were on the verge of collapse
- Field Marshall Erwin Rommel arrived in February, 1942 with extra German troops and firepower
- Italians were trusted by Germans to fight and be helpful
Operation Torch
- British troops advanced from the east through Libya
- Us and British troops landed in Morocco and Algeria and advanced west
- Pinned the German and Italian troops into the small country of Tunisia
- Axis surrendered on May 13, 1943 with over 275,000 POWs
- Hurt Italians
- Battle of Britain
- Italy slightly participated in the battle
- They sent around 200 aircraft carrying 1,500 lbs of bombs
The Mediterranean
- Crucial success of the Italian Forces
- Fought for control of the trade
- Axis never took full control of the Mediterranean
- Couldn't stop Allies from moving men and supplies through the Suez Canal to help the war effort
Battle of Taranto
- British bi-planes torpedoed and sank many of the large ships in the Italian surface fleet in Harbor at Taranto in November, 1940
Battle of Matapan
- March 1941
- Italians lost a battleships heavily damaged 3 heavy cruisers sunk and 2 destroyers and 2,300 killed
- Gave the Allies control of the Mediterranean
Operation Huskey
- Allied attack on water to the island of Sicily was to get a hold of Southern Italy
- Several Casualties
Invasion of Italy
- Stalin wanted a second front opened in Europe
- Allies knew they couldn't invade France 1943
- Churchill thought of Italy as the "soft underbelly of the Axis"
- Allies knew that support for the war was declining in Italy, an invasion would likely take them out
- Germany knew this and prepared to defend Italy without their help
- Invasion started on September 1943 the same day the Italian government agreed to an armistice with the Allies
- Lots of casualties
- German troops surrendered
Results for Italy
- 472,404 Italians died in wwii
- created a new government
- nearly became communists
- Part of a bigger plan to prevent this the United States created Marshall Plan to hep rebuild Italy's economy after the war
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