March 6-11

[6Faith]

Monday-

Japan

• Early 20s
  • Joins League of Nations
  • Leaves because they feel left out
  • Signs 4, 5,9 power pact of Washington Conference
• Mid/Late 20s
  • Britain ends their alliance of 21 years with Japan
  • Becomes very nationalist during world depression
  • Wants to reject "Western" influence 
• Early 30s
  • Invade Manchuria in China
  • Prime Minister Inukai Tsuyoshi is assassinated
• Mid/Late 30s
  • Sign alliance with Nazi Germany
  • Goes to war with China
  • Captures
    • Shanghai
    • Beijing
    • Nanjing
  • 300,000 killed in "Rape of Nanking"
• Basic Facts
  • Axis power
  • 2,120,000 military deaths
  • 2,600,000-3,100,000 total deaths
  • +200,000 deaths in bombings
    • Hiroshima
    • Nagasaki
  • $56 billion financial cost
  • War goals
    • raw materials
    • space
    • respect
  • Pear Harbor Goal
    • cause devastation that the U.S. gave up
• Leaders
  • Hirohito
    • Born 1901
      • Acyama Palace
      • Tokyo, Japan
    • Crowned TO BE Emperor in 1916
    • Traveled to study abroad in Europe
    • Married in 1924
      • Princesss Nagako
    • 124th at Thrown
    • Revolting Military
      • Assassination of Prime Minister
    • Second Sino-Japanese
    • Surrendered to allied forces
      • Atomic bombs at Hiroshima
        • 2.3 million soldier deaths
        • 800,000 civilian deaths
    • Surrendered to MacArthur
    • Died 1989
      • Cancer
  • Heideki Tojo
    • Born in 1884
      • Tokyo, Japan
    • Military School 1899
      • Father in Sino-Japanese War
    • 1915 Graduated from army war college
      • Study in Europe
      • Instructor in military science
    • 1936 Lieutenant General
      • Kwantung Army in Manchuria
    • 1938 Vice Minister of War
      • War against China and Soviet Union
    • 1944 - "Most critical situation in the history of the Empire."
      • Bombing at Hiroshima
    • 1945 Sugamo prison
      • took responsibility
      • sentenced to death by hanging
      • sentence carried in 1948
• War Strategies
  • Invasion of China 1937
    • +300,000 victims
      • rape
      • murder
      • looting
    • +200,000 victims
      • burning alive
  • Tojo-Military Field Code 1941
    • Establish 
      • loyalty
      • piety
      • determination
      • Imperial Army

• Propaganda 
  • Only victories were in the newspaper
  • Soldiers returned from Midway were not allowed to communicate 
• Invasion
  • Relied on imports 
  • Seized oil and rubber but couldn't move to factories due to US Bombing thenm 
  • Americans bombed the Japanese Cities
  • Bombing destroyed their transport systems 
• Major Battles 
  • Pearl Harbor 
    • December 7th 1941
    • Lasted two hours 
    • Japanese fighter plans attacked the naval base 
    • More than 2000 American soldiers and sailors died
    • 1000 wounded 
    • Japan won the battle
  • Battle of Singapore
    • February 8, 1942
    • Japanese lased an attack on the British 
    • 7 days 
    • 60,000 prisoners of war 
    • Japan won
  • Midway Battle
    • June 3, 1942
    • Us and Japan
    • Admiral Yamamoto  wanted to take away midway 
    • Wanted them to react 
    • Expand Defensive zone 
    • Waited for Americans to approach the midway 
    • Americans won
    • Japan was never the same (turning point battle)
  • The Battle of Iwo Jima
    • February 19- March 26 
    • US Marines invaded after months of naval and air bombardment
    • Flag raising
      • 5 days after war began 
    • 36 days after battle began 
      • 7000 US Marines died 
      • 27 medals were awarded
  • The Guadalcanal 
    • August 7, 1942
    • Series of battles fought on land and sea 
    • Allied forces mostly US Troops attacked
    • Japanese lost 30,000 men 
    • The Allies suffered heavy loses 
    • The route between US and Australia was secure from then on 
• Reasons they lost
  • Attack on Pearl Harbor 
  • Lack of food supply 
  • Atomic bombs killed many 
• Impact
  • Japan is devastated 
  • Shortage of food
  • Loss of land 
  • Transportation networks were damaged
  • the Allies occupied Japan 
• Battles
  • Britain
    • Italy slightly participated
  • The Mediterranean
    • Crucial to the success of Italian forces 
    • Fought for control
    • Axis never took full control of the Mediterranean
    • Couldn't stop the Allied from moving men and supplies through the Suez Canal to help the war effort
  • Taranto
    • Italians lost 1 battle ship (sunk)
    • 2 badly damaged
    • 2 heavy cruisers damages. 
    • British lost two planes 
  • Cape Matapan 
    • Italians lost 1 battleship heavily damaged, 3 cruises sunk 2 destroyers damages
    • 4 men died 
  • Operation Husky 
    • Allied amphibious attack on the island of Sicily 
    • Purpose was to get toehold in southern Italy and then hop over to the res of Italy 
    • Allies won and secures the island before moving on 
• Invasion of Italy
  • Stalin wanted a second front opened in Europe 
  • Allies knew they couldn't invade France 
  • Churchill thought of Italy as the "soft underbelly of th Axis' 
  • Allies knew that support for Italy was was declining in Italy, an invasion would take them out 
  • Germany knew this and prepared to defend Italy 
• Result for Itqaly 
  • 472,404 Italians died
  • Mussolini ws deposed 
  • Italy surrendered Nazi governmen

Tuesday Notes 

Wednesday-

Thursday-

Friday-