March 29 - April 1 - Blogs

Monday - No school.

Tuesday - Gone for State Mock Trial/

Wednesday -

Italy

Goals
- Make a new Roman Empire
- Make the Mediterranean and "Italian Lake"
- Take over northern African colonies of Britain and France-especially Egypt
- Take over southeastern Europe-Greece and Albania
- Take over parts of the Middle East
Italy's Defeat - 1943
- Operation Torch - invading north Africa
- Moved into Italy and they surrendered and become allies in late 1943
Why they lost
- Was not prepared militarily to fight a prolonged war
  - Germany had to constantly bail them out
- Italian Troops were spread too thin
- The people of Italy were not prepared to fight or motivated to fight, they were forced to fight
- Overall, Italy was a weak country
Effects
- 410,000 dead
- Spent $94 billion
- Italy had joined Allies by 1943
- US gave millions of dollars to Italy (Marshall Plan) to help rebuild after the war
- Became a member of NATO in 1949
- Became a member of the United Nations in 1955
Japan (play John Cena music in the background)
- Earthquake (Great Kanto)
  - 7.9 magnitude
  - 140,000 killed
  - September 1st, 1923
- End of Alliance with GB
  - Anglo-Japanese Treaty
  - Lasted 21 years
  - Jan. 30 1902-1923
- Late 1920s
  - Extreme nationalism instilled
- 1936
  - Signed alliance with Nazi Germany
- 1937
  - Took over China
- 1931-1932
  - Takes control of Manchuria
    - Wanted to extend empire across islands
    - Only took a couple of days
    - Left League of Nations
      - 40 countries voted against them
- Isoroki Yamamoto
  - Born in 1884
  - Family of 7 (youngest)
  - Means 56 - because it was related to his father's age when he was born
  - Adopted by the Yamamoto family
    - wasn't born imperial
  - Attended Harvard
  - Navy/Navy Marshal General
  - Mastermind behind Pearl Harbor (warned against it though)
  - Died in April of 1943 in a plane crash with American fighter pilots
- Admiral Chuichi Nagumo
  - Carried out Pearl Habor attacks
  - No prior naval experience
    - Earned commander of military service and dedication
  - Cosidered a man of action
  - Very passionate man
    - Generous and loving
- Strategies
  - Take the islands first
  - Secure China
  - Wanted more land because the islands had resources
  - Build the best planes and ships because they didn't have the power/resources to keep on reproducing
- Major Battles
  - Pearl Harbor
    - Decemeber 7th, 1941
  - Coral Sea
    - Saves Australia and Port Moresby
  - Midway
    - The Japanese suffer heavy losses
  - Guadacanal
    - Major for further attacks for both sides
  - Philippine Sea
    - The Japanese navy/airforce is decimated
  - Iwo Jima
    - Best island to bomb Japan from
  - Okinawa
    - Strategic island to launch a base to invade
- Total Casualties
  - 2,500,000
  - Lost 3.5-4.5% of their population
- Spent $56 billion
- Also used war bonds
- War Goals
  - Gain resources
    - Space and respect
  - Home island couldn't support the gorwing population
  - No longer wanted help from the outside, so they invaded China
  - New land and resources that China provided allowed Japan to stay in the war
- Emperor Hirohito
  - Became pine at age 15 on November 2nd, 1916
  - Lost power after his death
  - He was the longest reigning emperor from 1926-1989

Thursday -

Japan
- VJ Day - September 2nd, 1945
- War crime trials were help
- Forbidden to lead a war again and to maintain an army
- Japan lost almost all land acquired during WW2
Tokyo Rose
- Demoralize American solidiers
- Put on trial for treason and was only put in prison for about a year
Homefront
- Government controlled the media
- Very industrialized but has poor resources
  - Invaded China because of
Straits Settlements (Singapore), Kingdom of Sarawak (UK), Wake Island (USA), Christmas Islands, Attu and Kiska (Alaska)
1920s
- Joined the League of Nations
- Signed Kellogg-Briand Pact, Power Pact
- Great Depression sets in ...... Then they change their plans of peace
Rape of Nanking-Late 1937-1938
- A mass killing of Chinese people (300,000)
- Mass raping of Chinese women and girls
- Mass looting and arson
- Some in Japan have denied that the military killed civilians for no reason
- Still causes tension between the two countries today
- There were war crimes triala fter the waar to try Japanese soliders for participation
Soviet-Japanese Nuetrality Act
- The USSR and Japan signed an agreement to not fight one another in April, 1941
- Japan considered breaking this once Germany (their ally) invaded the USSR in June, 1941, but they did not
- The USSR broke the treaty when they declared war on Japan on August 9th, 1945

Friday -

Japan

Tojo and Hirohito - Main Leaders
The Road to Peal Harbor
- Admiral Yamamoto
  - even said against it
- Attacked after we stopped trading oil that fed their war machine
- Japan knew it was a huge risk but thought it was the only way to defeat the US
- Also attacked the Philippines after Pearl Harbor
Battle of Coral Sea
- Stalemate, which was a win for us
Guadacanal (August 1942-1943)
- First battle where we were on the offensive
Iwo Jima
- March 1945
- Best fighting by US
Potsdam
- Democracy will be pormoted as well as freedom
- Japan will be allowed to have industry
- Allied occupation of Japan (1945-1952) will enec once Japan accomplishes all o fthe above points

Germany

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