March 28 - April 1 - Blogs

Monday- NO SCHOOL

Tuesday- Italy

Wednesday- france presentation

Thursday- france presentation/notes, britain video

Friday- britain notes, soviet union presentation

NOTES:

Italy

After WWI
- washington naval conference
- not happy with treaty of versailles
  - wanted more land
- joined league of nations
  - member from 1919-37
5 power pact
- designed to prevent arms race and naval build up
- many loopholes
9 power pact
- stated china would be independent
- free trade
- upheld open door policy
mussolini
- journalist
- pacifict
  - against war
- wwi changed him
  - found calling
- got in trouble in school
  - got expelled
- became teacher
- made italy more efficient
  - joined league of nations, 5 and 9 power pact
- italy is mainly catholic
  - mussolini is athiest
  - made a deal with pope that they wouldn't fight mussolini
    - mussolini made catholic offical religion of italy
    - allowed catholic religion to be taught in school
march on rome
- march by mussolini and his fascist party
- successful
  - took over italy
king victor emmanuel
- didn't fight mussolini taking over italy
  - wanted to avoid a civil war
- wanted to keep out communists
  - thought mussolini would stop communists in italy
fascism
- government lead by strong dictator
- stresses nationalism, militarism, and imperialism
- uses intimidation to get what they want
ethiopia invaded by italy (mussolini)
- lost ethiopia previously
  - was an embarrassment
  - mussolini wanted to undo and get it back
- 1935
  - league of nations sanctions begin
    - don't import/export
- 1936
  - FSR signed neutrality pact
    - mandatory arms embargo with waring nations
    - mandatory ban on loans to warring nations
- may 5 1936
  - italy took over ethiopia
francisco francorome-berlin axis
- spain was in civil war in 1936
- hitler and mussolini send troops to help franco get rid of communisits
- served as important training for mussolini and hitler (italy and germany)
tripartite pact
italys goalsitaly invades albania
- new roman empire
  - make mediterranean an "italian lake"
  - take over northern african colonies of britian and france
  - southeastern europe
  - parts of middle east
    - oil
italy invades greece
italy invades mediterranean and north africa
italy's defeated- 1943
- italy surrendered, but wasn't freed
  - switched to allied powers
mussolini was caught, hung, dragged around dead
- italians didn't like mussolini
why did italy lose
- weren't prepared
  - germany had to help a lot
- troops were spread to thin
- people weren't prepared/motivated to fight
  - they were forced
- weak
impact
- 410,000 dead-330,000 military
- $94 billion
- US helped rebuild because we wanted italy to join us so they wouldn't become communists
- italy became a member of NATO in 1949
- member of united nations in 1955

France

maginol line
focused on defensive tactics
free french
- charles de gaulle
vichy french
- petain
invaded by germany
- surrendered after a month

Great Britain

after wwi
- further expansion of the british empire
- independence of ireland
- general strike of 1926
- super power of the war
1920's
- signed 4, 5, and 9 power pacts
- joined league of nations
- joined kellog briand act
great depression
- largest economic problem
- affected everyone
1930s
- signs of threat from germany
- neville chamberlains policy of appeasement
wwii
- war declaration on germany in 1939
- churchills appointment to prime minister
- evacuation of british soldiers from belgium
battle of britian
- hitler waned air superiority over royal air forces and britian
- the luftwagge targets RAF airfields and raids cities
- british people show great resistance to the assault
- germany fails to destroy british defenses
wwii
- usa joins war
- allies succeed in north africa and attack italy in 1943
- japan surrenders in 1944
britains role
- appeasement at munich
- declared war on germany on september 3, 1939 after german invasion of poland
- last allied country left standing
- battle of britain-
  - "we shall never surrender " - churchill
    - royal airforce (raf)
  - great britain served as a base for US and free french
  - d-day invasion starting point
  - recieved the most lend-lease aid from US
    - give that to them during war, they give back after
    - mainly food, weapons, etc
  - lost the "most powerful country in the world" status
  - helped us fight in italy, north africa and europe

Soviet union

collectivization and nationalization
- collectivization
  - government taking over farms
- nationalization
  - government took over businesses
- peasants/farmers didn't like it
  - went against government
    - many died

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